{"id":8264,"date":"2023-04-13T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2023-04-12T23:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/uncategorized\/citanost-knih\/"},"modified":"2023-04-13T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2023-04-12T23:00:00","slug":"citanost-knih","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/archiv\/citanost-knih\/","title":{"rendered":"Pribli\u017ene tretina Slov\u00e1kov po\u010das roka nepre\u010d\u00edta ani jednu knihu. V celosvetovom podiele \u010d\u00edtanosti dominuje \u00c1zia"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u010c\u00edtanie kn\u00edh sa po n\u00e1stupe covidovej pand\u00e9mie op\u00e4\u0165 vr\u00e1tilo k ob\u013e\u00faben\u00fdm aktivit\u00e1m mlad\u0161\u00edch gener\u00e1ci\u00ed. <strong>V mnoh\u00fdch pr\u00edpadoch v\u0161ak u nich prevl\u00e1daj\u00fa elektronick\u00e9 knihy pred papierov\u00fdmi.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Pokia\u013e ide o kontinent s najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00edm podielom \u010d\u00edtanosti, vyhr\u00e1va \u00c1zia, informuje port\u00e1l Hashtag. Prvenstvo v rebr\u00ed\u010dku najdlh\u0161ieho priemern\u00e9ho t\u00fd\u017edenn\u00e9ho \u010dasu \u010d\u00edtanosti z\u00edskala India. \u0160tatistiky z roku 2017 uv\u00e1dzaj\u00fa, \u017ee t\u00fd\u017edenn\u00fd priemer danej krajiny sa pohybuje v priemere 10-tich hod\u00edn. Z toho vypl\u00fdva, \u017ee <strong>priemern\u00fd obyvate\u013e Indie pre\u010d\u00edta pribli\u017ene dve knihy t\u00fd\u017edenne.<\/strong> Hne\u010f za \u0148ou nasleduj\u00fa jej susedn\u00e9 krajiny &#8211; \u010c\u00edna a s\u00faostrovie Filip\u00edny.<\/p>\n<p>\u0160tatistiky z\u00e1rove\u0148 poukazuj\u00fa na africk\u00e9 krajiny, v ktor\u00fdch viac ako 1 z 3 dospel\u00fdch obyvate\u013eov nevie \u010d\u00edta\u0165. K znepokojiv\u00e9mu zisteniu patr\u00ed aj to, \u017ee <strong>a\u017e 48 mili\u00f3nov \u013eud\u00ed medzi 15. a\u017e 24. rokom \u017eivota, ktor\u00ed \u017eij\u00fa na danom \u00fazem\u00ed, trp\u00ed negramotnos\u0165ou.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h3>Ako je na tom Eur\u00f3pa?<\/h3>\n<p>Pod\u013ea \u0161tatist\u00edk z roku 2011 v Eur\u00f3pe dominuj\u00fa Luxembursko, Nemecko a Rak\u00fasko. <strong>V s\u00fa\u010dasnosti v\u0161ak nov\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdskum z roku 2021 poukazuje na in\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>K najv\u00e1\u0161nivej\u0161\u00edm \u010ditate\u013eom patria seversk\u00e9 krajiny,<strong> pri\u010dom sa na prvom mieste umiestnilo F\u00ednsko.<\/strong> Z\u00e1rove\u0148 16,8 % f\u00ednskej popul\u00e1cie uviedlo, \u017ee \u010d\u00edtanie kn\u00edh pova\u017euje za jednu z najob\u013e\u00fabenej\u0161\u00edch vo\u013eno\u010dasov\u00fdch aktiv\u00edt. Pokia\u013e ide o Franc\u00fazsko, Rumunsko, Rak\u00fasko a Belgicko, ide o krajiny s najni\u017e\u0161ou mierou \u010d\u00edtanosti.<\/p>\n F\u00ednska popul\u00e1cia pova\u017euje \u010d\u00edtanie kn\u00edh za jednu z najob\u013e\u00fabenej\u0161\u00edch vo\u013eno\u010dasov\u00fdch aktiv\u00edt. Zdroj: pexels.com\n<p>Z dan\u00e9ho v\u00fdskumu vypl\u00fdva aj nieko\u013eko zauj\u00edmavost\u00ed. Jednou z nich je, \u017ee <strong>mileni\u00e1li patria k skupine \u013eud\u00ed, ktor\u00e1 v porovnan\u00ed s in\u00fdmi gener\u00e1ciami \u010d\u00edta najviac kn\u00edh.<\/strong> K prekvapiv\u00e9mu zisteniu patr\u00ed aj to, \u017ee a\u017e 53 % mladistv\u00fdch preferuje \u010d\u00edtanie kn\u00edh z kni\u017enice pred k\u00fapou nov\u00fdch v\u00fdtla\u010dkov.<\/p>\n<p>K ob\u013e\u00faben\u00fdm \u017e\u00e1nrom patria \u010doraz viac komiksy, pri\u010dom sa ich v minulom roku vytla\u010dilo o 146 % viac ne\u017e v predch\u00e1dzaj\u00facom roku. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 61 % \u010ditate\u013eov uprednost\u0148uje fikciu pred literat\u00farou faktu. Okrem toho<strong> v\u00fdskumn\u00edci poukazuj\u00fa na dominanciu filmov\u00fdch a seri\u00e1lov\u00fdch adapt\u00e1ci\u00ed,<\/strong> ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa ob\u013e\u00faben\u00e9 najm\u00e4 u mlad\u0161\u00edch vekov\u00fdch skup\u00edn.<\/p>\n<h3>Absencia \u010d\u00edtania kn\u00edh u Slov\u00e1kov<\/h3>\n<p>Slovensko sa v jednom z prieskumov ocitlo na nie pr\u00edli\u0161 lichotivej prie\u010dke, <strong>pri\u010dom n\u00e1s predbehli dve susedn\u00e9 krajiny &#8211; \u010cesko a Rak\u00fasko.<\/strong> Pribli\u017ene tretina Slov\u00e1kov priznala, \u017ee po\u010das roka nepre\u010d\u00edtala ani jednu knihu. Mo\u017enos\u0165 menej ako p\u00e4\u0165 kn\u00edh ozna\u010dila tie\u017e jedna tretina na\u0161ich obyvate\u013eov. Z toho vypl\u00fdva, \u017ee dve tretiny Slov\u00e1kov patria naozaj len k pr\u00edle\u017eitostn\u00fdm \u010ditate\u013eom.<\/p>\n<p>Mo\u017enos\u0165 do 10 kn\u00edh ozna\u010dilo pribli\u017ene 20 % Slov\u00e1kov,<strong> viac ako 10 kn\u00edh ro\u010dne pre\u010d\u00edta pribli\u017ene 14 %.<\/strong> Najni\u017e\u0161ie prie\u010dky prieskumu, pokia\u013e ide o eur\u00f3pske krajiny, obdr\u017eali Turecko a Rumunsko. V dan\u00fdch krajin\u00e1ch knihy \u00faplne ignoruje a\u017e 70 % obyvate\u013eov.<\/p>\n Najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161ia miera \u010d\u00edtanosti sa pripisuje \u00e1zijsk\u00fdm krajin\u00e1m. Zdroj: pexels.com\n<p>Dobrou spr\u00e1vou je, \u017ee <strong>v porovnan\u00ed s Ma\u010farskom, Po\u013eskom \u010di Portugalskom je na\u0161a priemern\u00e1 \u010d\u00edtanos\u0165 vy\u0161\u0161ia.<\/strong> Na \u00fazem\u00ed Ma\u010farska ignoruje knihy necel\u00fdch 40 % obyvate\u013eov, pri\u010dom v Portugalsku ide a\u017e o takmer 60 %.<\/p>\n<p>Jednou zo zauj\u00edmavosti je aj to, \u017ee pod\u013ea prieskumu najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161ieho slovensk\u00e9ho vydavate\u013estva Ikar si a\u017e 92 % Slov\u00e1kov uklad\u00e1 knihy do kni\u017enice pod\u013ea ve\u013ekosti. Zvy\u0161n\u00fdch 8 % si ich uklad\u00e1 pod\u013ea farieb, pri\u010dom <strong>ve\u013ekos\u0165 dominuje najm\u00e4 u v\u00fdskumnej vzorky do 20 rokov.<\/strong> Prieskum z\u00e1rove\u0148 dod\u00e1va, \u017ee ukladanie kn\u00edh pod\u013ea ve\u013ekosti je praktickej\u0161ie.<\/p>\n<h3>Dominancia \u017eensk\u00fdch autoriek<\/h3>\n<p>K\u00fdm v minulosti na trhu dominovali sk\u00f4r mu\u017esk\u00ed autori, v s\u00fa\u010dasnosti m\u00f4\u017eeme vidie\u0165 opak. Ako uv\u00e1dza port\u00e1l Czechcrunch, <strong>v 70. rokoch minul\u00e9ho storo\u010dia vyd\u00e1vali \u017eeny na americkom trhu pribli\u017ene len 20 % kn\u00edh.<\/strong> Av\u0161ak z novej \u0161t\u00fadie Minnesotskej univerzity vypl\u00fdva, \u017ee u\u017e v roku 2020 sme mohli zaznamena\u0165 opak, pri\u010dom v danom roku \u017eeny vydali po prv\u00fdkr\u00e1t v hist\u00f3rii viac kn\u00edh ne\u017e mu\u017ei. Pod\u013ea ekon\u00f3ma Joela Waldfogela, ktor\u00fd je z\u00e1rove\u0148 autorom uvedenej \u0161t\u00fadie, m\u00f4\u017eeme dan\u00fd jav pova\u017eova\u0165 aj za nen\u00e1padn\u00fa \u017eensk\u00fa revol\u00faciu.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u201eD\u00e1ta, s ktor\u00fdmi som pracoval, boli tvoren\u00e9 8,9 mili\u00f3nmi titulov pred\u00e1van\u00fdmi v Spojen\u00fdch \u0161t\u00e1toch na Amazone od roku 2018 do roku 2021. Tie som doplnil o 200 mili\u00f3nov hodnoten\u00ed celkom 1,8 mili\u00f3na kn\u00edh na recenznom port\u00e1li Goodrads,\u201c<\/em><\/strong> pribli\u017euje Waldfogel. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 sa zameral na anal\u00fdzu autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v, pri\u010dom sk\u00famal, ako sa v priebehu rokov premie\u0148ali autorsk\u00e9 pr\u00e1va \u017eensk\u00fdch autoriek.<\/p>\n Mlad\u0161ie gener\u00e1cie za\u010dali op\u00e4\u0165 \u010d\u00edta\u0165 knihy v d\u00f4sledku covidovej pand\u00e9mie. Zdroj: pexels.com\n<p>Z\u00e1sadn\u00fd posun sa zaznamenal najm\u00e4 v kontexte toho, \u017ee <strong>v in\u00fdch kreat\u00edvnych odvetviach maj\u00fa na\u010falej prevahu mu\u017ei.<\/strong> Napr\u00edklad pokia\u013e ide o re\u017e\u00edrovanie filmov, v Eur\u00f3pe dan\u00e9 remeslo pokr\u00fdva len 23 % \u017eien. V Spojen\u00fdch \u0161t\u00e1toch ide o 22 %.<\/p>\n<p>Waldfogel \u010falej poznamenal, \u017ee \u017eensk\u00e9 pohlavie je od mu\u017esk\u00e9ho v tomto odvetv\u00ed \u00faspe\u0161nej\u0161ie aj preto, \u017ee sa jeho knihy v priemere lep\u0161ie pred\u00e1vaj\u00fa a viac \u010d\u00edtaj\u00fa. K vy\u0161\u0161iemu pomeru \u017eensk\u00fdch autoriek mohlo prispie\u0165 aj to, \u017ee <strong>v 70. rokoch za\u010dalo ove\u013ea v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ie percento \u017eien v Spojen\u00fdch \u0161t\u00e1toch nav\u0161tevova\u0165 vysok\u00fa \u0161kolu. <\/strong>Z\u00e1rove\u0148\u00a0sa v tom \u010dase roz\u0161\u00edrilo feministick\u00e9 hnutie.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u010c\u00edtanie kn\u00edh sa po n\u00e1stupe covidovej pand\u00e9mie op\u00e4\u0165 vr\u00e1tilo k ob\u013e\u00faben\u00fdm aktivit\u00e1m mlad\u0161\u00edch gener\u00e1ci\u00ed. V mnoh\u00fdch pr\u00edpadoch v\u0161ak u nich prevl\u00e1daj\u00fa elektronick\u00e9 knihy pred papierov\u00fdmi.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8264","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-archiv","two-columns"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8264","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8264"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8264\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8264"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8264"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8264"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}