{"id":8266,"date":"2023-04-14T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2023-04-13T23:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/uncategorized\/slovaci-a-dezinformacie\/"},"modified":"2023-04-14T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2023-04-13T23:00:00","slug":"slovaci-a-dezinformacie","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/archiv\/slovaci-a-dezinformacie\/","title":{"rendered":"Slov\u00e1ci s\u00fa viac n\u00e1chylnej\u0161\u00ed k dezinform\u00e1ci\u00e1m ne\u017e \u010cesi, ch\u00fdba im kritick\u00e9 myslenie"},"content":{"rendered":"

Dezinform\u00e1cie sa stali novodob\u00fdm fenom\u00e9nom virtu\u00e1lneho priestoru.<\/strong> Podliehaj\u00fa im najm\u00e4 star\u0161ie vekov\u00e9 skupiny, av\u0161ak v\u00fdnimkou nie s\u00fa ani stredo\u0161kol\u00e1ci.<\/p>\n

Jeden z prieskumov GLOBSEC-u poukazuje na nie pr\u00edli\u0161 pozit\u00edvnu skuto\u010dnos\u0165, informuje port\u00e1l eduworld.sk. Na Slovensku ver\u00ed kon\u0161pir\u00e1ci\u00e1m a\u017e 56 % \u013eud\u00ed z\u00fa\u010dastnen\u00fdch uveden\u00e9ho prieskumu. Dan\u00fdm inform\u00e1ci\u00e1m sa dar\u00ed najm\u00e4 prostredn\u00edctvom soci\u00e1lnych siet\u00ed,<\/strong> pri\u010dom nepom\u00e1ha ani ich pr\u00edsna regul\u00e1cia.<\/p>\n

Novodob\u00fd probl\u00e9m Slovenska<\/h3>\n

V\u00fdrazn\u00fa vlnu kon\u0161pir\u00e1ci\u00ed sme mohli zaznamena\u0165 po\u010das covidovej pand\u00e9mie,<\/strong> po\u010das ktorej \u013eudia sk\u00fa\u0161ali r\u00f4zne alternat\u00edvne lie\u010dby. V\u00fdnimkou neboli ani inform\u00e1cie o \u010dipovan\u00ed v spojitosti s o\u010dkovan\u00edm proti covidov\u00e9mu ochoreniu.<\/p>\n

Europoslanec Vladim\u00edr Bil\u010d\u00edk pre eduworld.sk tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee jeden z prieskumov uv\u00e1dza, \u017ee a\u017e 30 % u\u010dite\u013eov si mysl\u00ed, \u017ee o\u010dkovanie je n\u00e1stroj na \u010dipovanie \u013eud\u00ed.<\/strong> Dan\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky poukazuj\u00fa na to, \u017ee na\u0161a spolo\u010dnos\u0165 m\u00e1 zrejme s o\u010dkovan\u00edm probl\u00e9m, nako\u013eko nie\u010domu tak\u00e9mu ver\u00ed takmer tretina op\u00fdtan\u00fdch u\u010dite\u013eov. V s\u00fa\u010dasnosti s\u00fa s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou n\u00e1\u0161ho verejn\u00e9ho priestoru aj r\u00f4zne kon\u0161pir\u00e1cie oh\u013eadom vojny na Ukrajine, ktor\u00e9 v mnoh\u00fdch pr\u00edpadoch \u0161\u00edria aj politici.<\/p>\n

Na z\u00e1klade prieskumu AKO pre telev\u00edziu Joj, ktor\u00fd sa uskuto\u010dnil minul\u00fd rok, si 19,7 % \u013eud\u00ed mysl\u00ed, \u017ee v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina \u013eud\u00ed na Slovensku ur\u010dite nedok\u00e1\u017ee rozozna\u0165 hoaxy od pravdy,<\/strong> informuje port\u00e1l Pravda. Opa\u010dn\u00fa odpove\u010f uviedlo len dev\u00e4\u0165 percent op\u00fdtan\u00fdch, pri\u010dom sa k ot\u00e1zke nevedelo alebo nechcelo vyjadri\u0165 5,4 % respondentov.<\/p>\n Mnoho Slov\u00e1kov nevie rozozna\u0165 nepravdiv\u00e9 inform\u00e1cie od pravdiv\u00fdch. Zdroj: pexels.com\n

Jednou zo zauj\u00edmavosti je aj to, \u017ee najm\u00e4 star\u0161ia gener\u00e1cia vo veku 66 a viac rokov ver\u00ed, \u017ee Slov\u00e1ci dok\u00e1\u017eu rozozna\u0165 hoax od pravdy.<\/strong> Dan\u00fa odpove\u010f vyslovilo a\u017e 44 % op\u00fdtan\u00fdch. To, \u017ee Slov\u00e1ci nedok\u00e1\u017eu rozozna\u0165 nepravdiv\u00fa inform\u00e1ciu od pravdivej, si myslia najm\u00e4 \u013eudia od 18 do 33 rokov. V danom pr\u00edpade i\u0161lo a\u017e o 59,6 % respondentov.<\/p>\n

V porovnan\u00ed s \u010ceskom sme na tom hor\u0161ie<\/h3>\n

Ako uv\u00e1dza eduworld.sk, v za\u010diatkoch pand\u00e9mie urobil GLOBSEC prieskum oh\u013eadom kon\u0161pira\u010dn\u00fdch te\u00f3ri\u00ed.<\/strong> Vyplynulo z neho, \u017ee v priemere a\u017e 56 % Slov\u00e1kov ver\u00ed kon\u0161pira\u010dn\u00fdm te\u00f3ri\u00e1m, \u010do bolo o dvakr\u00e1t viac ne\u017e v \u010ceskej republike.<\/p>\n

Prieskumy verejnej mienky pouk\u00e1zali napr\u00edklad na to, \u017ee a\u017e 65 % Slov\u00e1kov si mysl\u00ed, \u017ee z\u00e1kladne NATO by znamenali automatick\u00fa okup\u00e1ciu Slovenska Ameri\u010danmi.<\/strong> Na z\u00e1klade toho musel rezort zahrani\u010dia dan\u00e9 dezinform\u00e1cie v roku 2019 debankova\u0165, vyvr\u00e1ti\u0165 a uvies\u0165 na prav\u00fa mieru.<\/p>\n

Medzi \u010fal\u0161ie kon\u0161pira\u010dn\u00e9 n\u00e1zory patr\u00ed aj to, \u017ee vo svete existuj\u00fa tajn\u00e9 spolky, ktor\u00e9 sa sna\u017eia vytvori\u0165 totalit\u00e1rnu svetovl\u00e1du, pri\u010dom tejto inform\u00e1cii ver\u00ed a\u017e 60 % Slov\u00e1kov. Senior analyti\u010dka organiz\u00e1cie GLOBSEC, Katar\u00edna Klingov\u00e1, dod\u00e1va, \u017ee ka\u017ed\u00fd druh\u00fd Slov\u00e1k si mysl\u00ed, \u017ee Protesty za Slu\u0161n\u00e9 Slovensko, ktor\u00e9 boli zorganizovan\u00e9 po smrti investigat\u00edvneho novin\u00e1ra J\u00e1na Kuciaka a jeho sn\u00fabenice Martiny Ku\u0161n\u00edrovej, boli zorganizovan\u00e9 zahrani\u010dn\u00fdmi mocnos\u0165ami,<\/strong> pri\u010dom organiz\u00e1tori z\u00edskali zisk.<\/p>\n Slov\u00e1ci veria dezinform\u00e1ci\u00e1m viac ne\u017e \u010cesi. Zdroj: pexels.com\n

Na z\u00e1klade uveden\u00fdch kon\u0161pir\u00e1cii novin\u00e1r z denn\u00edka N, Vladim\u00edr \u0160indl, po\u010das online diskusie o Fake News poznamenal, \u017ee s\u00edce v na\u0161ej krajine nem\u00e1me dia\u013eni\u010dn\u00fa infra\u0161trukt\u00faru, av\u0161ak m\u00e1me dobre vybudovan\u00fa dezinforma\u010dn\u00fa infra\u0161trukt\u00faru.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ch\u00fdba n\u00e1m kritick\u00e9 myslenie<\/h3>\n

Na to, aby sme bezpe\u010dne vyu\u017e\u00edvali soci\u00e1lne siete, mali by sme disponova\u0165 s kritick\u00fdm myslen\u00edm. Aj preto je d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 si uvedomi\u0165, \u017ee nie ka\u017ed\u00e1 inform\u00e1cia, s ktorou pr\u00eddeme do kontaktu, je pravdiv\u00e1.<\/strong> Z\u00e1rove\u0148 sa odpor\u00fa\u010da doh\u013eada\u0165 si zdroje o jednotliv\u00fdch t\u00e9mach, ktor\u00e9 n\u00e1m m\u00f4\u017eu pom\u00f4c\u0165 ur\u010di\u0165 d\u00f4veryhodnos\u0165 inform\u00e1ci\u00ed. \u00da\u010dinnou pom\u00f4ckou s\u00fa aj str\u00e1nky Hoaxy a podvody – Pol\u00edcia SR, Konspiratori.sk \u010di Demagog.sk.<\/p>\n

V\u00fdnimkou nie je ani lep\u0161ia medi\u00e1lna a vedeck\u00e1 gramotnos\u0165, ktor\u00e1 by sa mala \u0161\u00edri\u0165 prostredn\u00edctvom vzdel\u00e1vacieho syst\u00e9mu.<\/strong> Na z\u00e1klade toho Peter Jan\u010d\u00e1rik z Ob\u010dianskeho zdru\u017eenia Kon\u0161pir\u00e1tori vid\u00ed probl\u00e9m v tom, \u017ee na\u0161e \u0161kolstvo podcenilo tento druh vzdel\u00e1vania. Ako jeden z pr\u00edkladov tohto podcenenia uviedol pr\u00e1ve covidov\u00fa pand\u00e9miu.<\/p>\n

S\u00fa\u0165a\u017e, ktor\u00e1 u\u010d\u00ed stredo\u0161kol\u00e1kov kriticky myslie\u0165<\/h3>\n

Na slovensk\u00fdch \u0161kol\u00e1ch sa zatia\u013e nevyu\u010duje medi\u00e1lna a vedeck\u00e1 gramotnos\u0165. Na z\u00e1klade toho na na\u0161om \u00fazem\u00ed funguje projekt, ktor\u00fd u\u010d\u00ed stredo\u0161kol\u00e1kov kriticky myslie\u0165 a triedi\u0165 inform\u00e1cie,<\/strong> p\u00ed\u0161e Forbes.<\/p>\n

Autorom my\u0161lienky vytvori\u0165 Olympi\u00e1du kritick\u00e9ho myslenia je Ondrej Sch\u00fctz, ktor\u00fd p\u00f4sob\u00ed ako riadite\u013e Slovenskej debatnej asoci\u00e1cie. Koordin\u00e1torom s\u00fa\u0165a\u017ee sa pred dvoma rokmi stal len 22-ro\u010dn\u00fd Richard Va\u0161ko, ktor\u00fd je v asoci\u00e1cii akt\u00edvny u\u017e od svojich 12-tich rokov. K pilierom olympi\u00e1dy patr\u00ed medi\u00e1lna gramotnos\u0165, interpret\u00e1cia d\u00e1t, odolnos\u0165 vo\u010di manipul\u00e1ci\u00e1m a argument\u00e1cia.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201eCie\u013eom Olympi\u00e1dy kritick\u00e9ho myslenia nie je pretl\u00e1\u010da\u0165 konkr\u00e9tnu ideol\u00f3giu alebo hovori\u0165 \u0161tudentom, \u010do si maj\u00fa myslie\u0165. Naopak, s\u00fa\u0165a\u017eiacich vedie k vytvoreniu si vlastn\u00fdch n\u00e1zorov, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa podlo\u017een\u00e9 d\u00f4veryhodn\u00fdmi inform\u00e1ciami. Ke\u010f rozozn\u00e1vaj\u00fa spo\u013eahliv\u00e9 a nespo\u013eahliv\u00e9 m\u00e9di\u00e1, pozeraj\u00fa sa na form\u00e1lne prvky \u010dl\u00e1nku, napr\u00edklad \u010di je uveden\u00fd autor alebo zdroje,\u201c<\/em><\/strong> vysvet\u013euje pre Forbes Va\u0161ko.<\/p>\n Na slovensk\u00fdch \u0161kol\u00e1ch ch\u00fdba v\u00fdu\u010dba medi\u00e1lnej a vedeckej gramotnosti. Zdroj: pexels.com\n

Po minuloro\u010dnom pilotnom ro\u010dn\u00edku m\u00e1 na Slovensku projekt skvel\u00fa odozvu. Tento rok sa do \u0161kolsk\u00e9ho kola prihl\u00e1silo takmer 6 000 \u0161tudentov zo 70 okresov.<\/strong> Z\u00e1rove\u0148 sa dan\u00fd projekt za\u010diatkom tohto roka stal v\u00ed\u0165azom trojmesa\u010dn\u00e9ho mentoringovo-vzdel\u00e1vacieho projektu,\u00a0 ktor\u00fd organizovala nad\u00e1cia Pontis. Odniesol si hlavn\u00fa cenu vo v\u00fd\u0161ke 30-tis\u00edc eur.<\/p>\n

Olympi\u00e1da pozost\u00e1va z troch k\u00f4l<\/strong>, pri\u010dom prv\u00e9 dve prebiehaj\u00fa online. Po ich \u00faspe\u0161nom absolvovan\u00ed nasleduje celoslovensk\u00e9 fin\u00e1le, kde s\u00fa\u0165a\u017e\u00ed 40 najlep\u0161\u00edch \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edkov.<\/p>\n

Po\u010das prv\u00fdch dvoch k\u00f4l maj\u00fa \u0161tudenti napr\u00edklad overi\u0165 pravdivos\u0165 nejak\u00e9ho statusu alebo interpretova\u0165 zdie\u013ean\u00e9 \u010dl\u00e1nky. V celoslovenskom fin\u00e1le absolvuj\u00fa \u00faspe\u0161n\u00ed s\u00fa\u0165a\u017eiaci z\u00e1kladn\u00e9 kola pozost\u00e1vaj\u00face z testu a argumenta\u010dnej re\u010di, pri\u010dom traja najlep\u0161\u00ed z ka\u017edej vekovej kateg\u00f3rie post\u00fapia do fin\u00e1lovej prezent\u00e1cie.<\/strong> V tejto kateg\u00f3rii dostane ka\u017ed\u00fd \u0161tudent in\u00e9 zadanie, pri\u010dom ho po vypracovan\u00ed odprezentuje pred porotou expertov a expertiek.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Dezinform\u00e1cie sa stali novodob\u00fdm fenom\u00e9nom virtu\u00e1lneho priestoru. Podliehaj\u00fa im najm\u00e4 star\u0161ie vekov\u00e9 skupiny, av\u0161ak v\u00fdnimkou nie s\u00fa ani stredo\u0161kol\u00e1ci. Jeden z prieskumov GLOBSEC-u poukazuje na<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8266","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-archiv","two-columns"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8266","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8266"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8266\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8266"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8266"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8266"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}