{"id":8292,"date":"2023-05-06T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2023-05-05T23:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/uncategorized\/rakovina-a-umela-inteligencia\/"},"modified":"2023-05-06T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2023-05-05T23:00:00","slug":"rakovina-a-umela-inteligencia","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/archiv\/rakovina-a-umela-inteligencia\/","title":{"rendered":"Nov\u00fd model umelej inteligencie m\u00f4\u017ee ur\u00fdchli\u0165 lie\u010dbu rakoviny. Na Slovensku jej v\u00fdskyt presahuje priemer Eur\u00f3pskej \u00fanie"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Pr\u00edchod umelej inteligencie m\u00f4\u017ee u\u013eah\u010di\u0165 pr\u00e1cu vo viacer\u00fdch smeroch. Jeden z jej najnov\u0161\u00edch modelov dok\u00e1\u017ee <strong>presne identifikova\u0165 rakovinu vo v\u00fdvoji,<\/strong> \u010do m\u00f4\u017ee ur\u00fdchli\u0165 diagnostiku ochorenia a n\u00e1sledn\u00fa lie\u010dbu pacientov.<\/p>\n<p>Ide o jedno z najz\u00e1kernej\u0161\u00edch ochoren\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 patr\u00ed k hlavn\u00fdm pr\u00ed\u010din\u00e1m \u00famrt\u00ed na celom svete. Odkazuj\u00fa na to aj \u0161tatistiky Svetovej zdravotn\u00edckej organiz\u00e1cie, ktor\u00e9 poukazuj\u00fa na to, \u017ee ma za n\u00e1sledok <strong>pribli\u017ene 10 mili\u00f3nov \u00famrt\u00ed ro\u010dne,<\/strong> informuje The Guardian. Dobrou spr\u00e1vou v\u0161ak je, \u017ee v mnoh\u00fdch pr\u00ed\u010din\u00e1ch je ho mo\u017en\u00e9 vylie\u010di\u0165, pokia\u013e sa v\u010das stanov\u00ed spr\u00e1vna lie\u010dba.<\/p>\n<p>Pokia\u013e ide o Slovensko, v porovnan\u00ed so celosvetov\u00fdmi \u0161tatistikami u n\u00e1s ochorie najviac mu\u017eov na <strong>rakovinu hrub\u00e9ho \u010dreva a kone\u010dn\u00edka,<\/strong> uv\u00e1dza port\u00e1l TA3. Ka\u017edoro\u010dne na svete pribudne 1,2 mili\u00f3na \u013eud\u00ed, ktor\u00fdm sa diagnostikuje tento typ rakoviny. V pr\u00edpade Slovenska ide o vy\u0161e 3 600 pr\u00edpadov ro\u010dne. Klinick\u00fd onkol\u00f3g a prim\u00e1r z N\u00e1rodn\u00e9ho onkologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu v Bratislave Tom\u00e1\u0161 \u0160\u00e1lek tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee aj napriek st\u00fapaj\u00facim po\u010dtom tohto ochorenia sa lie\u010debn\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky zlep\u0161uj\u00fa.<\/p>\n<h3>Slovensko presahuje priemer \u00danie<\/h3>\n<p>\u010eal\u0161ou nie pr\u00edli\u0161 pozit\u00edvnou spr\u00e1vou pre Slov\u00e1kov je, \u017ee <strong>v\u00fdskyt rakoviny v na\u0161ej krajine presahuje priemer Eur\u00f3pskej \u00fanie,<\/strong> p\u00ed\u0161e port\u00e1l Euractiv. Uveden\u00fd poznatok sa t\u00fdka najm\u00e4 rakoviny prostaty, prsn\u00edka, p\u013e\u00fac, \u010driev a kone\u010dn\u00edka. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 sa na na\u0161om \u00fazem\u00ed zaznamen\u00e1va aj jedna z najvy\u0161\u0161\u00edch mier \u00famrt\u00ed na rakovinu kr\u010dka maternice.<\/p>\n<p>\u0160tatistiky z roku 2020 poukazuj\u00fa na to, \u017ee po\u010das uveden\u00e9ho roku malo na Slovensku nejak\u00fa formu rakoviny 773 mu\u017eov na vzorke 100-tis\u00edc obyvate\u013eov, pri\u010dom <strong>priemer Eur\u00f3pskej \u00fanie tvor\u00ed 686 jedincov.<\/strong> V pr\u00edpade \u017eensk\u00e9ho pohlavia i\u0161lo o 483 \u017eien na rovnakej vzorke.<\/p>\n Na Slovensku je najroz\u0161\u00edrenej\u0161\u00edm druhom rakoviny rakovina hrub\u00e9ho \u010dreva a kone\u010dn\u00edka. Zdroj: pexels.com\n<p>Z h\u013eadiska \u00famrtnosti na rakovinu sa Slovensko umiestnilo <strong>ako tretia najhor\u0161ia krajina v r\u00e1mci Eur\u00f3pskej \u00fanie.<\/strong> Ro\u010dne u n\u00e1s umrie 293 os\u00f4b na 100-tis\u00edc obyvate\u013eov. Pod\u013ea regi\u00f3nov sa najvy\u0161\u0161ia \u00famrtnos\u0165 zaznamenala v Nitrianskom kraji, o najni\u017e\u0161iu \u00famrtnos\u0165 ide naopak v \u017dilinskom kraji.<\/p>\n<p>Ku krajin\u00e1m, ktor\u00e9 sa umiestnili pred nami, patria Ma\u010farsko a Chorv\u00e1tsko. Za zv\u00fd\u0161enou \u00famrtnos\u0165ou na rakovinu je mo\u017eno vidie\u0165 soci\u00e1lno-ekonomick\u00e9 nerovnosti. Zv\u00e4\u010d\u0161a ide o vystavenie sa rizikov\u00fdm faktorom v podobe<strong> faj\u010denia, konzum\u00e1cie alkoholu, obezity \u010di zne\u010disten\u00e9ho ovzdu\u0161ia.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h3>Prevratn\u00fd model umelej inteligencie<\/h3>\n<p>Ku k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00fdm faktorom, ktor\u00e9 umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00fa vylie\u010di\u0165 toto z\u00e1kern\u00e9 ochorenie, patr\u00ed predov\u0161etk\u00fdm v\u010dasn\u00e1 diagnostika. Ako p\u00ed\u0161e The Guardian, na z\u00e1klade toho najnov\u0161\u00ed model umelej inteligencie navrhnut\u00fd odborn\u00edkmi z britskej nad\u00e1cie Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust dok\u00e1\u017ee identifikova\u0165, \u010di abnorm\u00e1lne v\u00fdrastky zobrazen\u00e9 na CT skenoch s\u00fa rakovinotvorn\u00e9. \u0160t\u00fadia z\u00e1rove\u0148 tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee <strong>tento druh algoritmusu funguje efekt\u00edvnej\u0161ie ne\u017e s\u00fa\u010dasn\u00e9 met\u00f3dy.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Na ur\u010denie podrobn\u00fdch v\u00fdsledkov bol model testovan\u00fd, aby sa dok\u00e1zalo, <strong>\u010di naozaj dok\u00e1\u017ee presne identifikova\u0165 rakovinov\u00e9 uzliny.<\/strong> Na z\u00e1klade toho v\u00fdskumn\u00edci pou\u017eili mieru naz\u00fdvan\u00fa oblas\u0165 pod krivkou, ktor\u00e1 je zn\u00e1ma aj pod zna\u010dkou AUC.<\/p>\n Nov\u00fd model umelej inteligencie m\u00f4\u017ee pom\u00f4c\u0165 ur\u010di\u0165 v\u010dasn\u00fa diagnostiku a lie\u010dbu onkologick\u00fdch ochoren\u00ed. Zdroj: pexels.com\n<p>Zisten\u00e9 poznatky poukazuj\u00fa na to, \u017ee model AI dok\u00e1\u017ee presne identifikova\u0165 rakovinov\u00e9 uzliny, <strong>pri\u010dom sa zameriava najm\u00e4 na p\u013e\u00facnu oblas\u0165.<\/strong> Z\u00e1rove\u0148 m\u00f4\u017ee pom\u00f4c\u0165 lek\u00e1rom robi\u0165 r\u00fdchlej\u0161ie rozhodnutia oh\u013eadom pacientov s abnorm\u00e1lnymi uzlinami, ktor\u00e9 sa pova\u017euj\u00fa za stredne rizikov\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u201eD\u00fafame, \u017ee prostredn\u00edctvom tejto pr\u00e1ce posunieme hranice s cie\u013eom ur\u00fdchli\u0165 detekciu choroby pomocou inovat\u00edvnych technol\u00f3gi\u00ed, ako je AI,\u201c<\/em><\/strong> tvrd\u00ed hlavn\u00fd v\u00fdskumn\u00edk \u0161t\u00fadie Dr. Richard Lee.<\/p>\n<h3>Rakovina p\u013e\u00fac ako hlavn\u00fd pr\u00edklad<\/h3>\n<p>Konzultant v oblasti respira\u010dnej medic\u00edny v Royal Marsden a ved\u00faci t\u00edmu v In\u0161tit\u00fate pre v\u00fdskum rakoviny poukazuje na to, \u017ee<strong> pr\u00e1ve rakovina p\u013e\u00fac je vhodn\u00fdm pr\u00edkladom toho, pre\u010do s\u00fa naliehavo potrebn\u00e9 nov\u00e9 iniciat\u00edvy na ur\u00fdchlenie detekcie.<\/strong> Pod\u013ea \u0161tatist\u00edk ide o jednu z najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00edch celosvetov\u00fdch pr\u00ed\u010din \u00famrt\u00ed na rakovinu.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u201eNa Slovensku i vo svete je rakovina p\u013e\u00fac naj\u010dastej\u0161ou pr\u00ed\u010dinou \u00famrtia na n\u00e1dorov\u00e9 ochorenie. Napriek tomu, \u017ee sa net\u00fdka v\u00fdhradne faj\u010diarov, \u0161tatistiky s\u00fa ne\u00faprosn\u00e9 a jednozna\u010dn\u00e9. Cigarety a dokonca aj pas\u00edvne faj\u010denie s\u00fa najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00edmi vinn\u00edkmi karcin\u00f3mu p\u013e\u00fac,<\/em>&quot;<\/strong> vysvet\u013euje dan\u00fa problematiku pre tla\u010dov\u00fa agent\u00faru SITA Aliancia NIE Rakovine. Pr\u00edkladom je aj desiv\u00e1 \u0161tatistika, pod\u013ea ktorej na tento druh rakoviny zomrie ka\u017ed\u00e9 \u0161tyri hodiny jeden Slov\u00e1k.<\/p>\n Rakovina patr\u00ed k naj\u010dastej\u0161\u00edm pr\u00ed\u010din\u00e1m \u00famrt\u00ed na celom svete. Zdroj: pexels.com\n<p>Z\u00e1rove\u0148 zakladate\u013eka aliancie Jana Pifflov\u00e1 tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee <strong>ide o jeden najzanedbanej\u0161\u00ed segment z poh\u013eadu dostupnosti onkologickej diagnostiky a lie\u010dby.<\/strong> Aj napriek tomu ro\u010dne pr\u00edde o \u017eivot takmer 3 000 Slov\u00e1kov.<\/p>\n<p>Av\u0161ak aj napriek zn\u00e1mym dopadom faj\u010denia pod\u013ea Svetovej zdravotn\u00edckej organiz\u00e1cie na svete faj\u010d\u00ed a\u017e 1,3 miliardy \u013eud\u00ed, pri\u010dom <strong>ro\u010dne mu pod\u013eahne 8 mili\u00f3nov jedincov.<\/strong><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Pr\u00edchod umelej inteligencie m\u00f4\u017ee u\u013eah\u010di\u0165 pr\u00e1cu vo viacer\u00fdch smeroch. Jeden z jej najnov\u0161\u00edch modelov dok\u00e1\u017ee presne identifikova\u0165 rakovinu vo v\u00fdvoji, \u010do m\u00f4\u017ee ur\u00fdchli\u0165 diagnostiku ochorenia<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8292","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-archiv","two-columns"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8292","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8292"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8292\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8292"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8292"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8292"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}