{"id":8323,"date":"2023-06-01T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2023-05-31T23:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/uncategorized\/cinske-auta-europsky-autopriemysel-a-dosledky-pre-ekonomiku-slovenska\/"},"modified":"2023-06-01T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2023-05-31T23:00:00","slug":"cinske-auta-europsky-autopriemysel-a-dosledky-pre-ekonomiku-slovenska","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/archiv\/cinske-auta-europsky-autopriemysel-a-dosledky-pre-ekonomiku-slovenska\/","title":{"rendered":"\u010c\u00ednske aut\u00e1, eur\u00f3psky autopriemysel a d\u00f4sledky pre ekonomiku Slovenska"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>V pr\u00edspevku sa do\u010d\u00edtate:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Ako sa vyv\u00edjal autopriemysel v \u010c\u00edne;<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Ako sa \u010c\u00ed\u0148ania zmoc\u0148uj\u00fa dom\u00e1ceho trhu s automobilmi na \u00fakor zna\u010diek z E\u00da a USA;<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Ako \u010d\u00ednske zna\u010dky z\u00edskavaj\u00fa vplyv \u010doraz v\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00ed v Eur\u00f3pe;<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Ak\u00e9 s\u00fa priazniv\u00e9 str\u00e1nky \u010d\u00ednskych spolo\u010dnost\u00ed a v \u010dom zasa zaost\u00e1vaj\u00fa;<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Ako bude na expanziu \u010d\u00ednskych zna\u010diek reagova\u0165 slovensk\u00fd z\u00e1kazn\u00edk a slovensk\u00e1 ekonomika?<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h3><\/h3>\n<h3>Za\u010dal to VW Group, ktor\u00e9ho dnes vytl\u00e1\u010daj\u00fa dom\u00e1ce zna\u010dky<\/h3>\n<p>E\u0161te ned\u00e1vno po uliciach \u010d\u00ednskych miest jazdili hlavne bicykle a tu i tam sa objavil automobil. To boli 70. a 80. roky minul\u00e9ho storo\u010dia, teda \u0161tyridsa\u0165 a\u017e p\u00e4\u0165desiat rokov dozadu. Ke\u010f v roku 1984 vst\u00fapil na \u010d\u00ednsky trh VW Group a za\u010dal tam vyr\u00e1ba\u0165 aut\u00e1, v\u0161etko sa za\u010dalo ve\u013emi r\u00fdchlo meni\u0165. V tom \u010dase tam toti\u017e \u017eiadna in\u00e1 automobilka okrem VW nebola.<\/p>\n \u0160anghaj v roku 1973. Reprofoto z videa Shanghai in 1973, part 1 \u4e0a\u6d7740\u5e74\u524d\n<p>VW Group si postupne \u010cinu z\u00edskal, o \u010dom sved\u010d\u00ed aj priebeh v\u00fdroby automobilov v priebehu rokov:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>1990: 19 000 automobilov<\/li>\n<li>2000: 317 000 automobilov<\/li>\n<li>2017: 3 177 000 automobilov<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>V roku 2022 sa \u010c\u00edna stala svetovou jednotkou dopytu po automobiloch, predalo sa tam najviac \u00e1ut na svete:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>V \u010c\u00edne sa predalo dovedna 23 mili\u00f3nov \u00e1ut celkom, z toho \u010d\u00ednske automobilky predali 11,8 mil. (\u010do je 23% medziro\u010dn\u00fd n\u00e1rast);<\/li>\n<li>v USA sa v rovnakom obdob\u00ed predalo 13 mili\u00f3nov \u00e1ut;<\/li>\n<li>v E\u00da 11 mili\u00f3nov \u00e1ut;<\/li>\n<li>celkov\u00e1 ro\u010dn\u00e1 produkcia na svete bola 75 mili\u00f3nov \u00e1ut, v porovnan\u00ed s rokom 2021 sa prepadla o 0,5%.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Pre zauj\u00edmavos\u0165, posledn\u00fd predcovidov\u00fd rok 2019 celosvetov\u00fd predaj automobilov zaznamenal rekord 90 mili\u00f3nov \u00e1ut.<\/p>\n<p>Podiel VW Group na \u010d\u00ednskom trhu sa zn\u00ed\u017eil v r. 2022 na 16% (medziro\u010dn\u00e1 strata 4%), rovnak\u00fdm tempom str\u00e1ca v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina zahrani\u010dn\u00fdch zna\u010diek.<\/p>\n<p>D\u00f4vodom bol n\u00e1stup \u010d\u00ednskych zna\u010diek, ktor\u00e9 cenovo preb\u00edjaj\u00fa tradi\u010dn\u00e9 automobilky v modeloch, ktor\u00e9 nie s\u00fa n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9 na o\u010dak\u00e1vania z\u00e1kazn\u00edkov.<\/p>\n<p>Prebran\u00edm trhov\u00fdch podielov \u010d\u00ednske automobilky mienia prebra\u0165 dominanciu na dom\u00e1com trhu s nov\u00fdmi autami u\u017e v roku 2023. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 sa sna\u017eia vst\u00fapi\u0165 aj na ostatn\u00e9 dominuj\u00face trhy glob\u00e1lne, teda do Eur\u00f3py aj USA. Najrazantnej\u0161\u00ed prepad za\u017eili americk\u00e9 automobilky, ktor\u00e9 stratili najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00ed podiel: General Motors stratil a\u017e 20.6% a e\u0161te viac stratil Ford, 33,5%.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n Doprava v \u0160anghaji dnes. Foto: Denys Nevozhai\n<h3>Najprv dom\u00e1ci trh, teraz svet<\/h3>\n<p>Za\u010diatkom 80. rokov bola \u010c\u00edna nov\u00e1\u010dikom v automobilovom priemysle. N\u00e1sledne po VW Group vst\u00fapili na \u010d\u00ednsky trh \u010fal\u0161ie automobilky, ktor\u00e9 z\u00edskali na r\u00fdchlo rast\u00facom trhu svoje podiely.<\/p>\n<p>Av\u0161ak u\u017e v roku 2021 sa za\u010dali prejavova\u0165 probl\u00e9my, ktor\u00e9 prer\u00e1stli postupne ku v\u0161etk\u00fdm medzin\u00e1rodn\u00fdm v\u00fdrobcom. Tento efekt sa zv\u00fdraznil v roku 2022, ke\u010f s n\u00e1stupom elektrick\u00fdch a plug-in hybridn\u00fdch vozidiel za\u010dali \u010d\u00ednske automobilky vytl\u00e1\u010da\u0165 z dom\u00e1ceho trhu tradi\u010dn\u00e9 automobilky, ktor\u00e9 si dovtedy u\u017e\u00edvali dominantn\u00e9 postavenie.<\/p>\n<p>V\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina z nich strat\u00ed do roku 2030 trhov\u00fd podiel v priemere a\u017e 3 a\u017e 5 percent. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 dom\u00e1ci v\u00fdrobcovia, ako aj spolo\u010dnos\u0165 BYD, dosiahla v roku 2022 trhov\u00fd podiel 8 percent.<\/p>\n<p>V minulom roku bolo predan\u00fdch na \u010d\u00ednskom trhu 28 percent automobilov s \u010disto elektrick\u00fdm pohonom s t\u00fdm, \u017ee dom\u00e1ce automobilky ovl\u00e1daj\u00fa cez 80 percent trhu s elektrick\u00fdmi vozidlami. Po z\u00edskan\u00ed dom\u00e1ceho trhu bude z\u00e1ujem z\u00edska\u0165 in\u00e9 trhy o to v\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00ed. Aktu\u00e1lne niektor\u00e9 \u010d\u00ednske automobilky za\u010dali vstupova\u0165 na eur\u00f3psky trh. Pr\u00edkladom je BYD, Dongfeng alebo akvizovan\u00e1 zna\u010dka MG. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 netreba zab\u00fada\u0165 na z\u00edskan\u00e9 podiely tradi\u010dn\u00fdch zna\u010diek a vznik ich deriv\u00e1tov &#8211; pr\u00edkladom je Volvo a Polstar.<\/p>\n<p><strong>V z\u00e1sade mus\u00edm poveda\u0165, \u017ee svet a trh sa men\u00ed, a kto sa neprisp\u00f4sob\u00ed, bude ma\u0165 probl\u00e9m. Ve\u013ek\u00e9 probl\u00e9my.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h3><\/h3>\n<h3>Japonsko uk\u00e1zalo svetu, ako \u00faspe\u0161ne prebudova\u0165 autopriemysel<\/h3>\n<p>Aby sme sa dostali k podstate probl\u00e9mu, mus\u00edme sa pozrie\u0165 do hist\u00f3rie.<\/p>\n<p>Prvou ve\u013ekou zmenou v tradi\u010dnom automobilovom priemysle a rozlo\u017een\u00ed tradi\u010dn\u00fdch s\u00edl bolo Japonsko. Za\u010diatkom 70. rokov minul\u00e9ho storo\u010dia vykro\u010dilo na cestu expanzie do USA a ostatn\u00fdch kraj\u00edn a trvalo jej 20 rokov, k\u00fdm svoju poz\u00edciu obh\u00e1jilo a z\u00e1rove\u0148 pochopilo, \u017ee dizajn \u00e1ut a v\u00fdroba sa musia prisp\u00f4sobi\u0165 dan\u00e9mu trhu, kde m\u00e1 z\u00e1ujem vozidl\u00e1 preda\u0165.<\/p>\n<p>Esteticky nepr\u00edvetiv\u00e9 aut\u00e1 a exotick\u00e9 n\u00e1zvy boli toho s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou a nepochopenie na nov\u00fdch trhoch bolo zo za\u010diatku ve\u013ek\u00fdm probl\u00e9mom.<\/p>\n<p>A tak ve\u013ek\u00e9 japonsk\u00e9 automobilky postupne postavili v USA svoje v\u00fdrobn\u00e9 z\u00e1vody a stavili na najlep\u0161iu kvalitu, ktor\u00e1 bola v pomere k tradi\u010dn\u00fdm v\u00fdrobcom v USA neporovnate\u013en\u00e1. To u\u017e bol koniec 80. rokov minul\u00e9ho storo\u010dia. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 dizajn prisp\u00f4sobili trhu, kde vozidl\u00e1 pred\u00e1vali a n\u00e1zvy automobilov prisp\u00f4sobili kult\u00fare n\u00e1roda a jeho potreb\u00e1m.<\/p>\n<p>Na sklonku tohto \u0165a\u017eenia zo\u017eali \u00faspech a posilnen\u00ed \u00faspechmi sa rozhodli pre vznik luxusn\u00fdch div\u00edzi\u00ed z dovtedy priemern\u00fdch automobiliek z \u010falek\u00e9ho v\u00fdchodu, ktor\u00e9 mnoh\u00ed podce\u0148ovali.\u00a0 O \u010fal\u0161ie desa\u0165ro\u010die n\u00e1sledn\u00e9 sk\u00fasenosti z\u00e1kazn\u00edkov potvrdili, \u017ee to bola dobr\u00e1 cesta a dnes s\u00fa tieto zna\u010dky s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou glob\u00e1lneho predaja Japoncov. Ide pritom o deriv\u00e1ty be\u017en\u00fdch \u00e1ut vylep\u0161en\u00e9 na luxusn\u00fa \u00farove\u0148, ako Toyota\/Lexus, Nissan\/Infinity a Honda\/Acura.<\/p>\n<p>N\u00e1sledne tempo rastu a z\u00e1ujem zmeni\u0165 chod dej\u00edn v automobilovom priemysle avizovala \u010fal\u0161ia krajina z \u010falek\u00e9ho v\u00fdchodu &#8211; Ju\u017en\u00e1 K\u00f3rea. Postupne zatienila japonsk\u00e9 zna\u010dky a stala sa s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou glob\u00e1lneho automobilov\u00e9ho trhu.<\/p>\n<p>V roku 1986 Kia podp\u00edsala zmluvu s Fordom a za\u010dala vyr\u00e1ba\u0165 licen\u010dn\u00e9 deriv\u00e1ty modelov Fordu najprv pre K\u00f3reu a potom pre \u010fal\u0161ie trhy v \u00c1zii. Po\u010das \u00c1zijskej kr\u00edzy sa Kia Motors dostala do probl\u00e9mov a bola akvizovan\u00e1 spolo\u010dnos\u0165ou Hyundai Motor Company. N\u00e1sledne obe spolo\u010dnosti za\u010dali pracova\u0165 nez\u00e1visle, otvorili svoje z\u00e1vody po celom svete. V\u00fdznamn\u00fdm m\u00ed\u013enikom bolo vytvorenie eur\u00f3pskeho dizajnov\u00e9ho \u0161t\u00fadia oboch zna\u010diek vo Frankfurte v roku 2007 a prijatie mnoh\u00fdch \u0161pi\u010dkov\u00fdch dizajn\u00e9rov a technikov od renomovan\u00fdch automobiliek.<\/p>\n<p>V roku 2022 bolo poradie 3 najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00edch svetov\u00fdch v\u00fdrobcov automobiliek nasledovn\u00e9:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Toyota Motor Company<\/strong> \/ 10,48 mil.<\/li>\n<li><strong>VW Group<\/strong> \/ 8,3 mil.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Hyundai Motor Company<\/strong> \/ 6,8 mil.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Presne pre tento ist\u00fd scen\u00e1r sa dnes rozhodli aj \u010d\u00ednske automobilky<\/strong>. Najprv sa s\u00fastredili na dom\u00e1ci trh, kde za\u010dali konkurova\u0165 zahrani\u010dn\u00fdm automobilk\u00e1m v modern\u00fdch technol\u00f3gi\u00e1ch elektrick\u00fdch automobilov. A elektromobily jednozna\u010dne prevalcuj\u00fa automobily so spa\u013eovac\u00edmi motormi. Pr\u00e1ve pre aktu\u00e1lny n\u00e1stup EV na \u010d\u00ednsky trh maj\u00fa \u010d\u00ednske automobilky dvere k z\u00e1kazn\u00edkom prakticky otvoren\u00e9. Ich v\u00fdrobn\u00e9 kapacity aktu\u00e1lne rast\u00fa a zd\u00e1 sa, \u017ee ich nik nezastav\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Z verejnej \u0161pion\u00e1\u017ee sa u\u017e dnes nikto nesmeje<\/h3>\n<p>E\u0161te pred p\u00e1r rokmi sme v \u017deneve na autosal\u00f3ne videli mnoh\u00fdch \u010d\u00ednskych expertov, ako si fotili detaily noviniek a zapisovali a merali rozmery. Mnoh\u00ed z\u00e1stupcovia renomovan\u00fdch zna\u010diek sa na nich pozerali. s \u00fasmevom. Dnes v\u0161ak u\u017e nikomu z nich nie je do smiechu. Razantn\u00fd vstup \u010c\u00ed\u0148anov na trhy \u010doskoro sp\u00f4sob\u00ed v\u0161etk\u00fdm vr\u00e1sky. S\u00fa na to viacer\u00e9 d\u00f4vody:<\/p>\n<p>Po prv\u00e9, kapacity \u010d\u00ednskych automobiliek pre elektrick\u00e9 vozidl\u00e1 s\u00fa v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ie a rast\u00fa ve\u013emi r\u00fdchlo. Energetick\u00e9 suroviny maj\u00fa zabezpe\u010den\u00e9 na roky vopred, preto\u017ee si ich m\u00fadro rezervovali vopred.<\/p>\n<p>Po druh\u00e9, cena pr\u00e1ce v \u00c1zii a \u010c\u00edne je neporovnate\u013ene ni\u017e\u0161ia ako v Eur\u00f3pe a USA. Pre minim\u00e1lne ochrann\u00e9 opatrenia, \u010do sa t\u00fdka pracovnej doby, odborov, ale aj environment\u00e1lnej z\u00e1\u0165a\u017ee maj\u00fa \u010c\u00ed\u0148ania ve\u013ek\u00e9 v\u00fdhody. Eur\u00f3pski v\u00fdrobcovia musia sp\u013a\u0148a\u0165 n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fa legislat\u00edvu pri v\u00fdrobe automobilov, ale aj pri zamestn\u00e1van\u00ed \u013eud\u00ed a nemaj\u00fa tak\u00e9 dota\u010dn\u00e9 \u0161trukt\u00fary ako \u010c\u00ed\u0148ania.<\/p>\n<p>Po tretie, vysok\u00e1 miera robotiz\u00e1cie. Zak\u00fapen\u00edm mnoh\u00fdch technologick\u00fdch spolo\u010dnost\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 roboty vyv\u00edjali, si zabezpe\u010dili prvenstvo v robotike.<\/p>\n<p>\u010ealej je tu \u0161t\u00e1tna podpora exportu \u010di u\u017e vo forme subvenci\u00ed samospr\u00e1v alebo podpory cez ve\u013ek\u00e9 \u0161t\u00e1tne dota\u010dn\u00e9 \u0161trukt\u00fary, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa zameran\u00e9 na z\u00edskanie trhu mimo \u00fazemia \u010c\u00edny.<\/p>\n<p>Navy\u0161e, silnej\u0161ie a odv\u00e1\u017enej\u0161ie spolo\u010dnosti presko\u010dili chyby predch\u00e1dzaj\u00facich skokanov (Japoncov a K\u00f3rej\u010danov) a za\u010dali u\u017e na za\u010diatku kupova\u0165 skrachovan\u00e9 uzavret\u00e9 automobilov\u00e9 haly a tov\u00e1rne, aby \u010das\u0165 v\u00fdroby presunuli priamo do Eur\u00f3py. Pr\u00edkladom je spolo\u010dnos\u0165 BYD a jej akviz\u00edcia z\u00e1vodu Fordu v Spojenom kr\u00e1\u013eovstve.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n Autosal\u00f3n v \u0160anghaji, ofici\u00e1lne foto\n<h3>Nedostatky \u010d\u00ednskych automobiliek s\u00fa pre konzervat\u00edvneho z\u00e1kazn\u00edka st\u00e1le pr\u00edli\u0161 v\u00e1\u017ene<\/h3>\n<p>Av\u0161ak mus\u00edme poveda\u0165 aj \u201eale\u201c. Pred\u00e1va\u0165 aut\u00e1 vo ve\u013ekom vy\u017eaduje mnoh\u00e9 zru\u010dnosti a dispoz\u00edcie, ktor\u00e9 dnes \u010d\u00ednske automobilky v Eur\u00f3pe ani USA nemaj\u00fa.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Ch\u00fdba im d\u00edlersk\u00e1 a servisn\u00e1 sie\u0165.<\/li>\n<li>Rozpoznate\u013enos\u0165 zna\u010diek z\u00e1kazn\u00edkmi je slab\u00e1.<\/li>\n<li>N\u00e1zvy zna\u010diek, modelov asi nie\u010do hovoria \u010d\u00ednskej verejnosti, ale nie Eur\u00f3panom Ameri\u010danom. N\u00e1zvy ako G9, P7 od Xpengu, ES7, ET8 alebo BYD L3, F3, S7 asi nezaujm\u00fa.<\/li>\n<li>K\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00fdm bodom je kvalita a dlhodob\u00e1, o ktorej vlastne e\u0161te nikto nem\u00e1 \u017eiadnu predstavu a jedin\u00fdm d\u00f4vodom k n\u00e1kupu takto nezn\u00e1mych automobilov m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 jedine ve\u013emi n\u00edzka cena porovnate\u013en\u00e1 s konkurenciou z Eur\u00f3py.<\/li>\n<li>Nezn\u00e1me zostatkov\u00e9 hodnoty: ve\u013ek\u00e1 \u010das\u0165 trhu s\u00fa leasingov\u00e9 spolo\u010dnosti, ktor\u00e9 financuj\u00fa vozidl\u00e1 pre z\u00e1kazn\u00edka, neschopnos\u0165 ur\u010di\u0165 zostatkov\u00fa hodnotu d\u00e1va do \u00fazadia v\u00fdhody plyn\u00face z dumpingovo nastavenej ceny automobilu.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Neh\u013eadiac na uveden\u00e9 v\u0161ak ur\u010dite d\u00f4jde k ve\u013ek\u00e9mu boju, ktor\u00fd bud\u00fa vies\u0165 tradi\u010dn\u00e9 eur\u00f3pske, k\u00f3rejsk\u00e9 a japonsk\u00e9 automobilky s novovznikaj\u00facimi \u010d\u00ednskymi gigantmi. Spomalen\u00fd v\u00fdvoj elektromobilov u tradi\u010dn\u00fdch v\u00fdrobcov prinesie ve\u013ek\u00e9 aj administrat\u00edvne za\u0165a\u017eenie a obmedzenia, ktor\u00e9 im sp\u00f4sobili vlastn\u00e9 trhy.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>\u010co t\u00e1to situ\u00e1cia znamen\u00e1 pre v\u00fdrobcov v Eur\u00f3pe a \u010do odpor\u00fa\u010dam na najbli\u017e\u0161ie obdobie pre spotrebite\u013ea v Eur\u00f3pe?<\/h3>\n<p>Mysl\u00edm, \u017ee ve\u013emi r\u00fdchlo eur\u00f3pski v\u00fdrobcovia bud\u00fa n\u00faten\u00ed odst\u00fapi\u0165 od v\u00fdroby mal\u00fdch \u00e1ut pre ich n\u00edzku profitabilitu a vysok\u00e9 konkuren\u010dn\u00e9 prostredie.<\/p>\n<p>V\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina eur\u00f3pskych v\u00fdrobcov, ktor\u00ed tento boj pre\u017eij\u00fa, bud\u00fa musie\u0165 vyr\u00e1ba\u0165 technologicky a dizajnovo v\u00fdrazne odli\u0161n\u00e9 aut\u00e1 ako dnes. <strong>Priemern\u00e9 automobilky s priemern\u00fdmi v\u00fdrobkami bu\u010f ukon\u010dia svoju \u010dinnos\u0165, alebo padn\u00fa do r\u00fak \u010c\u00ed\u0148anom alebo K\u00f3rej\u010danom<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Eur\u00f3pski v\u00fdrobcovia sa bud\u00fa sna\u017ei\u0165 upevni\u0165 vz\u0165ah s ve\u013ek\u00fdmi z\u00e1kazn\u00edkmi a prinies\u0165 im <strong>podmienky n\u00e1kupu a predaja slu\u017eieb tak\u00e9, aby z\u00e1kazn\u00edk nemal \u0161ancu rozm\u00fd\u0161\u013ea\u0165 nad inou mo\u017enos\u0165ou<\/strong>. V tomto dnes eur\u00f3pske automobilky hraj\u00fa pr\u00edm, maj\u00fa infra\u0161trukt\u00faru a dostatok kvalifikovan\u00fdch \u013eud\u00ed schopn\u00fdch dosiahnu\u0165 vysok\u00fa kvalitu slu\u017eieb.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Situ\u00e1cia nebude a\u017e tak dramatick\u00e1 pre sofistikovan\u00fdch v\u00fdrobcov<\/strong> a ich technologick\u00e9 z\u00e1zemie. Je to to ist\u00e9, ako ke\u010f pred 15 rokmi \u010d\u00ednski v\u00fdrobcovia vst\u00fapili na trh mobiln\u00fdch telef\u00f3nov. Prebrali poz\u00edcie priemern\u00fdch v\u00fdrobcov s priemern\u00fdmi mobiln\u00fdmi telef\u00f3nmi, ale glob\u00e1lny share na trhu s mobilmi ovl\u00e1daj\u00fa dve spolo\u010dnosti, Apple a Samsung, ktor\u00e9 spolu maj\u00fa 56,5% trhov\u00fd podiel. V\u00fdrobcovia ako Motorola, Nokia a Ericssson u\u017e prakticky nevyr\u00e1baj\u00fa mobily alebo s\u00fa ve\u013emi mal\u00e9 v glob\u00e1lnom meradle.<\/p>\n<p>To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee boj o prvenstvo nie je jasn\u00fd a ist\u00fd ani pre \u010c\u00ed\u0148anov.<\/p>\n<p>Ot\u00e1zkou je, \u010di tento uhol poh\u013eadu zdie\u013eaj\u00fa aj eur\u00f3pske a glob\u00e1lne automobilov\u00e9 koncerny. Mysl\u00edm, \u017ee studen\u00e1 sprcha, ktor\u00e1 ich zasiahla za roku 2022, kedy prv\u00fdkr\u00e1t za\u017eili prepad na najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161om glob\u00e1lnom trhu (v \u010c\u00edne), by ich z ich pokoja mala zobudi\u0165 a prestra\u0161i\u0165. Uvid\u00edme najbli\u017e\u0161ie roky ako ve\u013emi.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>V\u00fdborn\u00e9 nastavenie na predaj a glob\u00e1lne dizajnov\u00e9 a technologick\u00e9 portf\u00f3lio schopn\u00e9 absorbova\u0165 tlaky \u010c\u00ed\u0148anov maj\u00fa nasledovn\u00e9 automobilky:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Luxusn\u00ed v\u00fdrobcovia automobilov; Mercedes Benz, BMW, Porsche, Bentley a Rolls-Royce<\/li>\n<li>Stellantis (okrem Fiat),<\/li>\n<li>Hyundai Motor Company vr\u00e1tane zna\u010dky Kia<\/li>\n<li>VW Group<\/li>\n<li>Tesla<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Tieto vozidl\u00e1 si bud\u00fa kupova\u0165 \u013eudia glob\u00e1lne preto, lebo ich brand je renomovan\u00fd a oni zna\u010dke veria, alebo preto, \u017ee ich technologick\u00fd z\u00e1klad je vysoko hodnoten\u00fd a spolu tradi\u010dnou zna\u010dkou bude z\u00e1kladom ich lojality.<\/p>\n Niektor\u00e9 automobily \u010d\u00ednskych v\u00fdrobcov s\u00fa u\u017e dnes vzh\u013eadovo atrakt\u00edvne, ot\u00e1zna v\u0161ak ost\u00e1va ich spo\u013eahlivos\u0165 a n\u00e1sledn\u00fd servis. Na fotografii s\u00fa modely zna\u010dky BYD\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Probl\u00e9my v s\u00favislosti s n\u00e1stupom \u010c\u00ed\u0148anov o\u010dak\u00e1vam v automobilk\u00e1ch:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Fiat<\/li>\n<li>Nissan, Mitsubishi, Suzuki<\/li>\n<li>Ford<\/li>\n<li>Toyota (kv\u00f4li pomal\u00e9mu n\u00e1behu elektromobility)<\/li>\n<li>Mazda<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Tieto zna\u010dky s\u00fa u\u017e dnes nudn\u00e9 a mnoh\u00e9 z nich pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa dizajn spred 10-20 rokov, pr\u00edpadne neinvestovali posledn\u00e9 roky do nov\u00fdch technol\u00f3gi\u00ed a elektromobility a nie s\u00fa ni\u010d\u00edm v\u00fdnimo\u010dn\u00fdm.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>V pr\u00edpade Slovenska a v\u00fdroby u n\u00e1s vid\u00edm situ\u00e1ciu nasledovne:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Ve\u013emi dobre nastaven\u00fd proces a v\u00fdroba sofistikovan\u00fdch \u00e1ut v z\u00e1vode VW Group Bratislava by nemala sp\u00f4sobi\u0165 \u017eiadne probl\u00e9my.<\/li>\n<li>Neust\u00e1le zmietanie sa v probl\u00e9moch kvality, zastaran\u00e9ho dizajnu a odbytu prinesie ve\u013ek\u00e9 probl\u00e9my. JLR a jeho z\u00e1vod na Slovensku je toho s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou. Pr\u00ednos finan\u010dne zdatn\u00e9ho, ale minim\u00e1lne technologicky zdatn\u00e9ho koncernu Tata, m\u00e1 za n\u00e1sledok m\u00ednusov\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky za rok 2022, kedy v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina v\u00fdrobcov automobilov hl\u00e1sila historicky najlep\u0161ie ziskov\u00e9 mar\u017ee.<\/li>\n<li>Stellantis a jeho z\u00e1vod v Trnave, aj ke\u010f vyr\u00e1ba aktu\u00e1lne mal\u00e9 aut\u00e1, je r\u00fdchlo schopn\u00fd zmeni\u0165 produktov\u00fa l\u00edniu, \u010do u\u017e aj aktu\u00e1lne rob\u00ed.<\/li>\n<li>Kia \u017dilina patr\u00ed medzi kvalitne a technologicky siln\u00e9 automobilky, ur\u010dit\u00e9 probl\u00e9my nebud\u00fa ma\u0165 tak\u00fa v\u00e1hu, aby v\u00fdrazne po\u0161kodili z\u00e1ujmy K\u00f3rej\u010danov na Slovensku.<\/li>\n<li>Volvo, aj ke\u010f ide o \u0161v\u00e9dsku automobilku, je vlastnen\u00e1 \u010c\u00ed\u0148anmi. V\u00fdrobn\u00fd z\u00e1vod na Slovensku, ktor\u00fd bude podporova\u0165 v\u00fdrobu a predaj v r\u00e1mci E\u00da, je ur\u010dite dobr\u00fd krok na udr\u017eanie sa s konkurenciou.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>V pr\u00edpade spotrebite\u013eov moje odpor\u00fa\u010dania s\u00fa nasledovn\u00e9:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Neodpor\u00fa\u010dam nakupova\u0165 nezn\u00e1me zna\u010dky a modely bez oh\u013eadu na v\u00fd\u0161ku z\u013eavy.<\/li>\n<li>Bude trva\u0165 minim\u00e1lne 5 rokov, k\u00fdm ceny a modely menej zn\u00e1mych v\u00fdrobcov preveria \u013eudia na cest\u00e1ch. \u017diadna z\u013eava tak\u00fato sk\u00fasenos\u0165 nenahrad\u00ed (pr\u00edkladom je dovoz prv\u00fdch 99 ks vozidiel Vinfast do USA a n\u00e1sledn\u00e1 zvol\u00e1vacia akcia na v\u0161etky z d\u00f4vodu bezpe\u010dnosti pri jazde).<\/li>\n<li>Ch\u00fdbaj\u00faca servisn\u00e1 sie\u0165 a minim\u00e1lne sk\u00fasenosti s automobilom t\u00fdchto zna\u010diek je ve\u013ek\u00e9 riziko. Vozidlo je druhou najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161ou polo\u017ekou vo finan\u010dnom rozpo\u010dte dom\u00e1cnost\u00ed a nikto nebude chcie\u0165 riskova\u0165 tieto hodnoty. To ist\u00e9 sa bude t\u00fdka\u0165 aj leasingov\u00fdch spolo\u010dnost\u00ed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Samozrejme, v\u0161etky pre a proti sa uk\u00e1\u017eu a\u017e \u010dasom a to, \u010do p\u00ed\u0161em, vych\u00e1dza z dostupn\u00fdch inform\u00e1cii, ktor\u00e9 poskytuj\u00fa automobilky. Bude zauj\u00edmav\u00e9 sledova\u0165 \u010d\u00ednskeho draka, ako si z\u00edska poz\u00edciu na glob\u00e1lnom trhu automobilov. <strong>V ka\u017edom pr\u00edpade si m\u00f4\u017eeme by\u0165 ist\u00ed, \u017ee zmeny s\u00fa u\u017e v procese a najlep\u0161\u00ed pre\u017eij\u00fa a slab\u00ed zanikn\u00fa<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>Sources:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Forbes: Global Auto Sales Won\u2019t Recover Pre-Coronavirus Highs Until 2023;15.10.2020<\/li>\n<li>New York Times: China\u2019s Car Buyers Have Fallen Out of Love With Foreign Brands, 14.4.2023<\/li>\n<li>Carlogos: The World&#8217;s Top 3 Automakers By Sales In 2022 (Toyota No.1),3.2.2023<\/li>\n<li>Automotive news Europe: BYD mulls own Europe factory rather than taking over Ford plant,7.2.2023<\/li>\n<li>Oberlo:Smart phoner market share worldwide 2022<\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>E\u0161te pred 30 rokmi po uliciach \u010d\u00ednskych miest jazdili hlavne bicykle, dnes sa st\u00e1va z \u010c\u00edny svetov\u00e1 ve\u013emoc autopriemyslu. Ako je mo\u017en\u00e9?<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8323","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-archiv","two-columns"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8323","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8323"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8323\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8323"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8323"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8323"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}