{"id":8390,"date":"2023-08-23T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2023-08-22T23:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/uncategorized\/ako-extremne-teploty-a-horucavy-ovplyvnia-nasu-pracu\/"},"modified":"2023-08-23T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2023-08-22T23:00:00","slug":"ako-extremne-teploty-a-horucavy-ovplyvnia-nasu-pracu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/archiv\/ako-extremne-teploty-a-horucavy-ovplyvnia-nasu-pracu\/","title":{"rendered":"Ako extr\u00e9mne teploty a hor\u00fa\u010davy ovplyvnia v bud\u00facnosti na\u0161u pr\u00e1cu?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Vysok\u00e9 teploty neut\u00edchaj\u00fa, ba naopak. Vlny hor\u00fa\u010dav pokra\u010duj\u00fa v Eur\u00f3pe, Severnej Amerike, \u00c1zii, severnej Afrike a \u010fal\u0161\u00edch oblastiach. Meteorol\u00f3govia zaznamenali rekordn\u00e9 \u010d\u00edsla aj na Slovensku. S\u00fa firmy pripraven\u00e9 \u010deli\u0165 nov\u00fdm v\u00fdzvam, ktor\u00e9 so sebou prin\u00e1\u0161a klimatick\u00e1 kr\u00edza?<\/span><\/span><\/h4>\n

V minulosti trvali extr\u00e9mne tepl\u00e1<\/span><\/span> jeden a\u017e dva dni, po nich nasledovalo pr\u00edjemn\u00e9 ochladenie \u010di letn\u00e1 b\u00farka. Tento interval sa pred\u013a\u017eil na tri a\u017e p\u00e4\u0165 dn\u00ed.<\/span><\/span> \u013dudia, ktor\u00ed nie s\u00fa na tak\u00e9to podmienky zvyknut\u00ed, bud\u00fa ma\u0165 s dlh\u0161\u00edm trvan\u00edm ove\u013ea viac probl\u00e9mov.<\/span><\/span>\u00a0Vedci predpovedaj\u00fa, \u017ee teploty sa vzh\u013eadom na klimatick\u00e9 zmeny bud\u00fa na\u010falej zvy\u0161ova\u0165, pri\u010dom sa bude musie\u0165 zmeni\u0165 na Zemi n\u00e1\u0161 sp\u00f4sob \u017eivota. To ovplyvn\u00ed aj fungovanie r\u00f4znych pracovn\u00fdch poz\u00edci\u00ed.<\/span><\/span> Zamestnanci\u00a0potrebuj\u00fa vedie\u0165, \u010do ich \u010dak\u00e1 \u2013 a spolo\u010dnosti sa tie\u017e musia chopi\u0165 pr\u00edle\u017eitosti, aby ich ochr\u00e1nili.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Zmeny nastan\u00fa nielen v exteri\u00e9ri<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

Zmeny na pracovisku bud\u00fa\u00a0 do dvoch kateg\u00f3ri\u00ed, hovoria odborn\u00edci.<\/span><\/span> Prv\u00fdm je vonkaj\u0161ie a nechladen\u00e9 prostredie \u2013 ako je po\u013enohospod\u00e1rstvo alebo v\u00fdroba \u2013 v ktor\u00fdch nie s\u00fa kontrolovan\u00e9 vysok\u00e9 teploty.<\/span><\/span> V roku 2022 po pr\u00e1ci zomrel madridsk\u00fd zameta\u010d ul\u00edc na \u00fapal v d\u00f4sledku extr\u00e9mnych hor\u00fa\u010dav.<\/span><\/span>\u00a0V s\u00falade s t\u00fdm akademici tvrdia, \u017ee niektor\u00e9 z najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00edch zmien pravdepodobne nastan\u00fa hlavne v exteri\u00e9ri.\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n Priame slnko ohrozuje najm\u00e4 \u013eud\u00ed pracuj\u00facich v exteri\u00e9ri. T\u00ed by mali dodr\u017eiava\u0165 pitn\u00fd re\u017eim a chr\u00e1ni\u0165 sa klob\u00fakom \u010di inou pokr\u00fdvkou hlavy. Zdroj: Pexels.com\n

\u201ePr\u00e1ca vonku v hor\u00fa\u010dav\u00e1ch si bude vy\u017eadova\u0165 krat\u0161ie zmeny s v\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00edmi prest\u00e1vkami a viac pr\u00e1ce cez noc,\u201c hovor\u00ed Abraham.<\/span><\/span> Aj ke\u010f je pravdepodobn\u00e9, \u017ee sa tejto skupine pracovn\u00edkov posunie pracovn\u00fd \u010das na neskor\u0161\u00ed ve\u010der, tento pr\u00edstup nie je rie\u0161en\u00edm na v\u0161etko a st\u00e1le predstavuje riziko.<\/span><\/span> No\u010dn\u00e9 teploty sa otep\u013euj\u00fa r\u00fdchlej\u0161ie ako denn\u00e9.<\/span><\/span> \u201eAk s\u00fa pracovn\u00edci v pr\u00e1ci cez de\u0148 v hor\u00fa\u010dave, ale no\u010dn\u00e9 teploty s\u00fa dostato\u010dne vysok\u00e9 na to, aby sa ich telo nedok\u00e1zalo ochladi\u0165, na druh\u00fd de\u0148 to bud\u00fa ma\u0165 ove\u013ea \u0165a\u017e\u0161ie,\u201c vysvet\u013euje John P Abraham, profesor term\u00e1lnych vied z Technickej univerzity Sv\u00e4t\u00e9ho Tom\u00e1\u0161a v USA. <\/span><\/span>Probl\u00e9my m\u00f4\u017eu predstavova\u0165 aj in\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnostn\u00e9 probl\u00e9my, ako napr\u00edklad vidite\u013enos\u0165.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Teplo zni\u017euje v\u00fdkon zamestnancov<\/h3>\n

Abraham ver\u00ed, \u017ee pre pracovn\u00edkov v prostred\u00ed bez regul\u00e1cie teploty sa stan\u00fa klimatizovan\u00e9 chladiace stredisk\u00e1 be\u017enej\u0161ou z\u00e1le\u017eitos\u0165ou. Zamestn\u00e1vatelia bud\u00fa musie\u0165 zavies\u0165 prest\u00e1vky pre zn\u00ed\u017eenie telesnej teploty nato\u013eko, aby mohli \u010falej pracova\u0165 bez zdravotn\u00fdch riz\u00edk. <\/span><\/span>Zamestnanci, ktor\u00ed pracuj\u00fa vo vn\u00fatri alebo v chladenom prostred\u00ed, s\u00fa relat\u00edvne v bezpe\u010d\u00ed, no mali by tie\u017e po\u010d\u00edta\u0165 so zmenami vo svojich pracovn\u00fdch postupoch.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u201eAko u\u017eito\u010dn\u00e9 sa uk\u00e1zali aj niektor\u00e9 s\u00fa\u010dasn\u00e9 pracovn\u00e9 podmienky, ako je pr\u00e1ca na dia\u013eku, hybridn\u00e1 pr\u00e1ca, \u0161tvord\u0148ov\u00e9 t\u00fd\u017edne \u010di \u0161es\u0165 hodinov\u00e9 pracovn\u00e9 dni namiesto \u00f4smych,\u201c<\/strong> hovor\u00ed Mansoor Soomro, senior lektor v oblasti udr\u017eate\u013enosti a<\/span><\/span> medzin\u00e1rodn\u00fd obchod, vedenie, mana\u017ement a \u013eudsk\u00e9 zdroje na Medzin\u00e1rodnej obchodnej \u0161kola Teesside University v Spojenom kr\u00e1\u013eovstve.<\/span><\/span> \u201eZn\u00ed\u017ei sa t\u00fdm doch\u00e1dzanie do pr\u00e1ce, \u010do m\u00f4\u017ee e\u0161te viac zv\u00fd\u0161i\u0165 v\u00fdkon jednotlivcov. <\/span><\/span>Aj v\u010faka neform\u00e1lnemu oble\u010deniu sa doma m\u00f4\u017eu aj po\u010das tepl\u00fdch dn\u00ed c\u00edti\u0165 pohodlnej\u0161ie.\u201c<\/span><\/span> \u010ci ide o povinnosti vykon\u00e1van\u00e9 v exteri\u00e9ri alebo v interi\u00e9ri, u\u017e teraz niektor\u00ed \u013eudia pres\u00favaj\u00fa svoje pl\u00e1ny tak, aby za\u010dali sk\u00f4r. Chc\u00fa skon\u010di\u0165 e\u0161te pred teplotn\u00fdm vrcholom na poludnie \u2013 to sa bude dia\u0165 v bud\u00facnosti ove\u013ea \u010dastej\u0161ie.\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n \u013dudia pracuj\u00faci v re\u0161taura\u010dn\u00fdch zariadeniach to nemaj\u00fa o ni\u010d jednoduch\u0161ie ani teraz. Pri varen\u00ed v uzatvorenom priestore bez dostato\u010dn\u00e9ho vetrania teplota rap\u00eddne st\u00fapa. Zdroj: Pexels.com\n

Ak\u00e1 bude \u00faloha zamestn\u00e1vate\u013eov?<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

Zamestn\u00e1vatelia m\u00f4\u017eu zavies\u0165 aj nov\u00e9 opatrenia. <\/span><\/span>Soomro hovor\u00ed, \u017ee niektor\u00ed z nich pravidelne vyhodnocuj\u00fa tepeln\u00e9 rizik\u00e1, aby identifikovali skupiny, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa najviac ohrozen\u00e9 prudk\u00fdmi v\u00fdkyvmi tepl\u00f4t. Patria sem star\u0161ie osoby, tehotn\u00e9 \u017eeny a zamestnanci so zdravotn\u00fdm postihnut\u00edm.<\/span><\/span> \u201eT\u00fdmto \u013eu\u010fom potom m\u00f4\u017eu poskytn\u00fa\u0165 \u00fa\u013eavy, ak\u00e9 bud\u00fa potrebova\u0165.\u201c hovor\u00ed. O\u010dak\u00e1va, \u017ee po\u010das trvania extr\u00e9mnych hor\u00fa\u010dav bude tieto kontroly vykon\u00e1va\u0165 viac zamestn\u00e1vate\u013eov. Realita v\u0161ak b\u00fdva \u010dasto diametr\u00e1lne odli\u0161n\u00e1 a zamestn\u00e1vate\u013eom ide prvotne o zisk. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Lektor Soomro v\u0161ak p<\/span><\/span>redpoved\u00e1, \u017ee spolo\u010dnosti bud\u00fa \u010doraz viac d\u00e1va\u0165 do povedomia iniciat\u00edvy v oblasti zdravia a fyzickej pohody.<\/span><\/span>\u00a0Tie m\u00f4\u017eu zah\u0155\u0148a\u0165 \u0161koliace semin\u00e1re o zvl\u00e1dan\u00ed tepeln\u00e9ho stresu alebo pl\u00e1noch fitness a v\u00fd\u017eivy, ktor\u00e9 pom\u00f4\u017eu pracovn\u00edkom prisp\u00f4sobi\u0165 sa meniacemu sa podnebiu.<\/strong><\/span><\/span> K\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00e9 bud\u00fa aj invest\u00edcie do infra\u0161trukt\u00fary.<\/span><\/span> \u201eSpolo\u010dnosti investuj\u00fa do vytv\u00e1rania tepelne odoln\u00fdch pracovn\u00fdch prostred\u00ed zah\u0155\u0148aj\u00facich udr\u017eate\u013en\u00fa infra\u0161trukt\u00faru budov s lep\u0161\u00edm klimatiza\u010dn\u00fdm syst\u00e9mom,\u201c hovor\u00ed.\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n V krajin\u00e1ch tretieho sveta sa v\u0161ak bezpe\u010dnos\u0165 ochrana a zdravia pri pr\u00e1ci neberie do \u00favahy ani dnes. Zdroj: Pexels.com\n

Men\u0161ia produktivita = men\u0161\u00ed zisk<\/h3>\n
Zmena pracovn\u00e9ho d\u0148a v d\u00f4sledku zmeny kl\u00edmy m\u00e1 pre l\u00eddrov aj obchodn\u00fd zmysel.<\/span><\/span> \u201eNepohodlie s\u00favisiace s teplom nepriaznivo ovplyv\u0148uje pracovn\u00fd v\u00fdkon a produktivitu.<\/strong> With<\/span><\/span>polo\u010dnosti sa navy\u0161e chc\u00fa \u010do najviac vyhn\u00fa\u0165 zdravotn\u00fdm probl\u00e9mom s\u00favisiacim s teplom.<\/span><\/span> Pr\u00e1ceneschopn\u00fd \u010dlovek nie je pre firmu \u017eiadnym pr\u00ednosom, naopak. Najd\u00f4le\u017eitej\u0161\u00edm krokom je zmena legislat\u00edvy. Dobrou spr\u00e1vou je, \u017ee niektor\u00e9 vl\u00e1dy u\u017e dnes pre rast\u00face teploty zav\u00e1dzaj\u00fa nov\u00e9 z\u00e1kony.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
Po rekordne najteplej\u0161om apr\u00edli v krajine \u0160panielsko vydalo nov\u00e9 z\u00e1kony pre majite\u013eov podnikov aj zamestnancov.<\/span><\/span><\/strong> Firmy postihnut\u00e9 suchom prim\u00e1rne dostan\u00fa finan\u010dn\u00fa podporu. Nov\u00e1 legislat\u00edva tie\u017e uv\u00e1dza, \u017ee akon\u00e1hle dosiahnu poveternostn\u00e9 podmienky oran\u017eov\u00fa alebo \u010derven\u00fa farbu – ktor\u00e1 symbolizuje extr\u00e9mne riziko –\u00a0 bud\u00fa zamestn\u00e1vatelia povinn\u00ed prisp\u00f4sobi\u0165 pracovn\u00e9 podmienky vr\u00e1tane skr\u00e1tenia alebo \u00fapravy pracovn\u00e9ho \u010dasu a<\/span><\/span>\u00a0pl\u00e1novan\u00e9ho pracovn\u00e9ho d\u0148a.<\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
Napriek naliehavosti niektor\u00e9 v\u00fdskumy nazna\u010duj\u00fa, \u017ee v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina kraj\u00edn je ve\u013emi nepripraven\u00e1 r\u00fdchlo reagova\u0165.<\/span><\/span><\/strong> Spr\u00e1va Oxfordskej univerzity z j\u00fala 2023 uk\u00e1zala, <\/span><\/span>\u017ee lokality, ktor\u00e9 nie s\u00fa zvyknut\u00e9 na extr\u00e9mne hor\u00face po\u010dasie, boli pod\u013ea anal\u00fdzy najviac nepripraven\u00e9.<\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
ZDROJ: BBC.COM<\/div>\n
<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Vysok\u00e9 teploty neut\u00edchaj\u00fa, ba naopak. Vlny hor\u00fa\u010dav pokra\u010duj\u00fa v Eur\u00f3pe, Severnej Amerike, \u00c1zii, severnej Afrike a \u010fal\u0161\u00edch oblastiach. Meteorol\u00f3govia zaznamenali rekordn\u00e9 \u010d\u00edsla aj na Slovensku.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8390","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-archiv","two-columns"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8390","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8390"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8390\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8390"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8390"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8390"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}