{"id":8397,"date":"2023-08-04T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2023-08-03T23:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/uncategorized\/technologie-v-polnohospodarstve\/"},"modified":"2023-08-04T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2023-08-03T23:00:00","slug":"technologie-v-polnohospodarstve","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/archiv\/technologie-v-polnohospodarstve\/","title":{"rendered":"Technol\u00f3gie v po\u013enohospod\u00e1rstve bud\u00fa k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00e9 v n\u00e1sleduj\u00facich desa\u0165ro\u010diach. Vyu\u017eitie n\u00e1jdu sol\u00e1rne panely, ale aj umel\u00e1 inteligencia"},"content":{"rendered":"

Po\u013enohospod\u00e1rstvo je v s\u00fa\u010dasnosti ohrozen\u00e9 viacer\u00fdmi faktormi. Klimatick\u00e1 kr\u00edza sp\u00f4sobuje glob\u00e1lne zv\u00fd\u0161enie tepl\u00f4t a\u00a0such\u00e1, ktor\u00e9 s\u0165a\u017euj\u00fa pestovanie ovocia, zeleniny, ale aj \u010fal\u0161\u00edch rastl\u00edn.<\/strong> Okrem toho musia hospod\u00e1ri neust\u00e1le chr\u00e1ni\u0165 svoje \u017eivobytie proti \u0161kodcom.<\/p>\n

Organiz\u00e1cia spojen\u00fdch n\u00e1rodov na svojej str\u00e1nke uv\u00e1dza, \u017ee po\u010det v\u0161etk\u00fdch obyvate\u013eov plan\u00e9ty Zem dosiahne v\u00a0roku 2050 a\u017e 9,8 miliardy. Tak\u00fdto n\u00e1rast popul\u00e1cie predstavuje \u010fal\u0161iu v\u00fdzvu pre tento sektor<\/strong>, preto\u017ee ro\u013en\u00edci musia pr\u00eds\u0165 na sp\u00f4sob, ako zv\u00fd\u0161i\u0165 produkciu potrav\u00edn.<\/p>\n

Probl\u00e9mov, s\u00a0ktor\u00fdmi sa ro\u013en\u00edci musia potyka\u0165, je naozaj mnoho. K\u00a0ich vyrie\u0161eniu m\u00f4\u017eu prispie\u0165 aj nov\u00e9 a\u00a0modern\u00e9 technol\u00f3gie<\/strong>. Tie by mohli zmeni\u0165 sp\u00f4sob, ak\u00fdm sme doteraz obhospodarovali p\u00f4du.<\/p>\n

Rastliny toti\u017e pomocou procesu fotosynt\u00e9zy zachyt\u00e1vaj\u00fa uhl\u00edk z\u00a0oxidu uhli\u010dit\u00e9ho pod zem. Tam je \u201euzamknut\u00fd\u201c, no nespr\u00e1vnym zaobch\u00e1dzan\u00edm s\u00a0p\u00f4dou m\u00f4\u017ee d\u00f4js\u0165 k\u00a0jeho op\u00e4tovn\u00e9mu vypusteniu do atmosf\u00e9ry<\/strong>, \u010do m\u00f4\u017ee prispie\u0165 k\u00a0glob\u00e1lnemu otep\u013eovaniu a\u00a0jeho d\u00f4sledkom, informuje port\u00e1l Veda na dosah.<\/p>\n

Zelenou energiou proti klimatick\u00fdm zmen\u00e1m<\/h3>\n

Viacer\u00e9 pr\u00edrodn\u00e9 faktory m\u00f4\u017eu zni\u010di\u0165 \u00farodu nielen potravinov\u00fdch rastl\u00edn. Vysok\u00e9 teploty, siln\u00e9 slne\u010dn\u00e9 \u017eiarenie \u010di kr\u00fapy, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa d\u00f4sledkom vysok\u00fdch tepl\u00f4t m\u00f4\u017eu sp\u00f4sobi\u0165 ve\u013ek\u00e9 ekonomick\u00e9 \u0161kody farm\u00e1rom.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Agrovoltika je skvel\u00fdm rie\u0161en\u00edm tohto probl\u00e9mu, preto\u017ee sol\u00e1rne panely chr\u00e1nia rastliny pred t\u00fdmito n\u00e1strahami, p\u00ed\u0161e port\u00e1l asb.sk. Taktie\u017e generuj\u00fa elektrick\u00fa energiu, ktor\u00e1 je v\u00a0posledn\u00fdch mesiacoch obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 drah\u00e1.<\/strong> Po\u013enohospod\u00e1ri tak dok\u00e1\u017eu u\u0161etri\u0165, \u010do m\u00f4\u017ee vies\u0165 k\u00a0ni\u017e\u0161\u00edm cen\u00e1m potrav\u00edn.<\/p>\n \u010cesk\u00fd po\u013enohospod\u00e1rsky sektor sa sna\u017e\u00ed zabr\u00e1ni\u0165 zneu\u017eitiu agrovoltiky energetick\u00fdmi spolo\u010dnos\u0165ami. Zdroj: unsplash.com\/@glenncarstenspeters\n

Okrem toho v\u0161ak vytv\u00e1ra nov\u00fa n\u00e1dej pre krajiny, ktor\u00e9 za\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa probl\u00e9my s\u00a0ne\u00farodnou p\u00f4dou v\u00a0d\u00f4sledku klimatick\u00fdch zmien. Napr\u00edklad v\u00a0niektor\u00fdch africk\u00fdch krajin\u00e1ch pom\u00e1ha tento sp\u00f4sob po\u013enohospod\u00e1rstva navr\u00e1ti\u0165 \u017eivota schopnos\u0165 p\u00f4de<\/strong>, o\u00a0\u010dom sme v\u00e1s informovali v\u00a0na\u0161om predo\u0161lom \u010dl\u00e1nku.<\/p>\n

Av\u0161ak nejde o univerz\u00e1lne rie\u0161enie, preto\u017ee nie je kompatibiln\u00e9 s ka\u017edou plodinou.<\/strong> Vo Franc\u00fazsku si tento syst\u00e9m pochva\u013euj\u00fa vin\u00e1ri, no osved\u010dil sa aj pri pestovan\u00ed zemiakov \u010di p\u0161enice. Medzi \u010fal\u0161ie rastliny, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa experiment\u00e1lne pestovan\u00e9 t\u00fdmto sp\u00f4sobom, patria zeler, chme\u013e, \u010fatelina, maliny \u010di ovocn\u00e9 stromy.<\/p>\n

V\u0161adepr\u00edtomn\u00e1 umel\u00e1 inteligencia<\/h3>\n

R\u00f4zni \u0161kodcovia, medzi ktor\u00fdch patr\u00ed hmyz, hlodavce, huby \u010di buriny, dok\u00e1\u017eu nap\u00e1cha\u0165 naozaj ve\u013ek\u00e9 \u0161kody na zdrojoch na\u0161ej potravy. Z\u00fafali agron\u00f3movia \u010dastokr\u00e1t nemaj\u00fa in\u00fa mo\u017enos\u0165, ne\u017e pou\u017ei\u0165 pestic\u00eddy<\/strong>, ktor\u00e9 si s\u00edce dok\u00e1\u017eu poradi\u0165 s t\u00fdmto probl\u00e9mom, no m\u00e1 to svoju cenu.<\/p>\n

Ako informuje port\u00e1l Community Action Works, ktor\u00fd sa odvol\u00e1va na \u0161t\u00fadiu, ich pou\u017e\u00edvanie \u0161kod\u00ed ekosyst\u00e9mu, ktor\u00e9ho s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou s\u00fa aj \u013eudia. Na vypestovan\u00fdch potravin\u00e1ch zost\u00e1vaj\u00fa zvy\u0161kov\u00e9 stopy t\u00fdchto l\u00e1tok, a preto sa odpor\u00fa\u010da zaka\u017ed\u00fdm d\u00f4kladne umy\u0165 zeleninu a ovocie pred konzum\u00e1ciou<\/strong>. Chemick\u00e9 l\u00e1tky sa m\u00f4\u017eu dosta\u0165 aj do vodn\u00fdch tokov a z\u00e1sob podzemnej vody.<\/p>\n

Zatia\u013e nem\u00e1me mnoho sp\u00f4sobov, ako chr\u00e1ni\u0165 tieto rastliny pred \u017eivi\u010dn\u00fdmi \u0161kodcami, no s burinami m\u00f4\u017ee pom\u00f4c\u0165 umel\u00e1 inteligencia<\/strong>. Zariadenie s n\u00e1zvom LaserWeeder od spolo\u010dnosti Carbon Robotics toti\u017e dok\u00e1\u017ee za hodinu zbavi\u0165 bur\u00edn a\u017e 80 \u00e1rov p\u00f4dy, uv\u00e1dza Business Wire. Zariadenie taktie\u017e z\u00edskalo ocenenie \u201eNajlep\u0161ie rie\u0161enie na b\u00e1ze umelej inteligencie pre po\u013enohospod\u00e1rstvo\u201c za rok 2023.<\/p>\n Pou\u017e\u00edvanie pestic\u00eddov ohrozuje v\u010dely a in\u00e9 ope\u013eova\u010de, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa nevyhnutn\u00e9 pre na\u0161e pre\u017eitie. Zdroj: unsplash.com\/@gyostimages\n

Stroj je vybaven\u00fd kamerov\u00fdm syst\u00e9mom, ktor\u00fd sn\u00edma p\u00f4du pod n\u00edm. S t\u00fdmito z\u00e1bermi pracuje umel\u00e1 inteligencia, ktor\u00e1 dok\u00e1\u017ee rozozna\u0165 burinu od pestovan\u00fdch rastl\u00edn. Ke\u010f zaznamen\u00e1 nechcen\u00fa rastlinu, jednoducho ju upra\u017e\u00ed ve\u013emi siln\u00fdm laserom.<\/strong> V\u010faka tomu sa po\u013enohospod\u00e1ri nemusia spolieha\u0165 na pestic\u00eddy ur\u010den\u00e9 proti burin\u00e1m.<\/p>\n

Svetov\u00fd hlad a super rastliny<\/h3>\n

Podobne ako \u013eudia, aj rastliny m\u00f4\u017eu tr\u00e1pi\u0165 r\u00f4zne ochorenia, ktor\u00e9 dok\u00e1\u017eu po\u0161kodi\u0165 rastliny, a\u00a0tak zn\u00ed\u017ei\u0165 mo\u017en\u00fa \u00farodu. Aj tu dok\u00e1\u017eu farm\u00e1ri pom\u00f4c\u0165 svojim plodin\u00e1m pomocou r\u00f4znych pr\u00edrodn\u00fdch alebo syntetick\u00fdch prostriedkov. Vedci v\u0161ak prich\u00e1dzaj\u00fa pri\u0161li s\u00a0rie\u0161en\u00edm, ktor\u00e9 by mohlo urobilo tieto rastliny odoln\u00e9 vo\u010di chorob\u00e1m.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Genetick\u00e9 modifikovan\u00e9 organizmy, ktor\u00e9 m\u00f4\u017eete pozna\u0165 pod ozna\u010den\u00edm GMO, maj\u00fa potenci\u00e1l vytvori\u0165 lep\u0161ie, odolnej\u0161ie plodiny. V\u00a0na\u0161om predch\u00e1dzaj\u00facom \u010dl\u00e1nku sme v\u00e1s informovali aj o\u00a0tom, \u017ee z\u00a0najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161ej \u0161t\u00fadie o\u00a0t\u00fdchto organizmov vypl\u00fdva, \u017ee nie s\u00fa \u0161kodliv\u00e9 pre pr\u00edrodu a\u00a0biodiverzitu. Okrem toho pom\u00e1haj\u00fa zn\u00ed\u017ei\u0165 mno\u017estvo pou\u017eit\u00fdch pestic\u00eddov<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Av\u0161ak to nie je ich jedin\u00e1 v\u00fdhoda, preto\u017ee takto upraven\u00e9 rastliny dok\u00e1\u017eu vyprodukova\u0165 v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ie mno\u017estvo kone\u010dn\u00e9ho produktu, p\u00ed\u0161e port\u00e1l National Geographic. Av\u0161ak ich pou\u017e\u00edvanie nie je be\u017en\u00e9 v krajin\u00e1ch 3. sveta, \u010di\u017ee v krajin\u00e1ch najviac postihnut\u00fdch kr\u00edzou nedostatku potrav\u00edn, preto je ot\u00e1zne \u010di m\u00f4\u017eu pom\u00f4c\u0165 v boji proti hladu v t\u00fdchto oblastiach<\/strong>.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Po\u013enohospod\u00e1rstvo je v s\u00fa\u010dasnosti ohrozen\u00e9 viacer\u00fdmi faktormi. Klimatick\u00e1 kr\u00edza sp\u00f4sobuje glob\u00e1lne zv\u00fd\u0161enie tepl\u00f4t a\u00a0such\u00e1, ktor\u00e9 s\u0165a\u017euj\u00fa pestovanie ovocia, zeleniny, ale aj \u010fal\u0161\u00edch rastl\u00edn. Okrem toho<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8397","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-archiv","two-columns"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8397","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8397"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8397\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8397"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8397"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8397"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}