{"id":8435,"date":"2023-08-20T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2023-08-19T23:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/uncategorized\/mikroplasty-a-ludsky-organizmus\/"},"modified":"2023-08-20T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2023-08-19T23:00:00","slug":"mikroplasty-a-ludsky-organizmus","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/archiv\/mikroplasty-a-ludsky-organizmus\/","title":{"rendered":"Mikroplasty m\u00f4\u017eu ma\u0165 zdrvuj\u00faci \u00fa\u010dinok na \u013eudsk\u00fd organizmus, ohrozen\u00e9 s\u00fa najm\u00e4 mozgov\u00e9 bunky"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Pr\u00edtomnos\u0165 mikroplastov mo\u017eno zaznamena\u0165 v\u0161ade okolo n\u00e1s. Dlhodobo sa diskutuje o ich negat\u00edvnom vplyve na moria a oce\u00e1ny, ktor\u00fd ohrozuje kvalitu \u017eivota mnoh\u00fdch \u017eivo\u010d\u00edchov. <strong>Vpl\u00fdvaj\u00fa v\u0161ak aj na \u013eud\u00ed, nako\u013eko s\u00fa obsiahnut\u00e9 v kozmetick\u00fdch a hygienick\u00fdch v\u00fdrobkoch alebo potravin\u00e1ch.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Ako sme uviedli v na\u0161om predo\u0161lom \u010dl\u00e1nku, medzin\u00e1rodn\u00e1 neziskov\u00e1 organiz\u00e1cia na ochranu \u017eivotn\u00e9ho prostredia Greenpeace po\u010das anal\u00fdzy viac ako 7-tis\u00edc v\u00fdrobkov zistila znepokojiv\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky. V\u00fdskum sa t\u00fdkal Eur\u00f3pskej \u00fanie, pri\u010dom<strong> pr\u00edtomnos\u0165 t\u00fdchto drobn\u00fdch \u010dast\u00edc sa zaznamenala a\u017e v deviatich pr\u00edpravkoch z desiatich.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Na z\u00e1klade toho sa holandsk\u00e1 aplik\u00e1cia Beat the Microbead sna\u017e\u00ed pom\u00f4c\u0165 svojim pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eom odhali\u0165 ich pr\u00edtomnos\u0165 v kozmetike.<\/strong> Jej pou\u017eitie je jednoduch\u00e9, sta\u010d\u00ed prostredn\u00edctvom mobiln\u00e9ho fotoapar\u00e1tu naskenova\u0165 zoznam ingredienci\u00ed obsiahnut\u00fdch v \u013eubovo\u013enom v\u00fdrobku. V s\u00fa\u010dasnosti je v\u0161ak dostupn\u00e1 len pre zariadenia zna\u010dky Apple.<\/p>\n<h3>Zdrvuj\u00faci \u00fa\u010dinok na \u013eudsk\u00fd organizmus<\/h3>\n<p>Doposia\u013e sa v\u00fdraznej\u0161ia pozornos\u0165 venovala len dopadu mikroplastov na \u017eivotn\u00e9 prostredie. Ide o z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fd vplyv, ktor\u00fd sa t\u00fdka najm\u00e4 vody. <strong>Cel\u00fd proces za\u010d\u00edna u\u017e po\u010das ich smerovanie spolu s odpadov\u00fdmi vodami do \u010disti\u010diek,<\/strong> ktor\u00e9 sa ich vo v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ine pr\u00edpadoch nevedia \u00faplne zbavi\u0165. Vzh\u013eadom na to, \u017ee ich nemo\u017eno odstr\u00e1ni\u0165 ani z mor\u00ed a oce\u00e1nov, stavaj\u00fa sa be\u017enou s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou potravinov\u00e9ho re\u0165azca mnoh\u00fdch zvierat<strong>.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>D\u00f4raz sa kladie aj na ve\u013ek\u00e9 mno\u017estvo tox\u00ednov, ktor\u00e9 je v nich obsiahnut\u00e9, nako\u013eko dok\u00e1\u017eu absorbova\u0165 l\u00e1tky z okolia.<\/strong> Ak\u00fd vplyv maj\u00fa ale na n\u00e1\u0161 organizmus?<\/p>\n Plasty tvoria rizikov\u00fd faktor pre moria a oce\u00e1ny. Zdroj: pexels.com\n<p>Ako informuje port\u00e1l ScienceAlert, predbe\u017en\u00e9 v\u00fdskumy odha\u013euj\u00fa, \u017ee <strong>zvetran\u00e9 mikroplasty m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 v porovnan\u00ed s ich \u010derstvou verziou pre \u013eudsk\u00e9 mozgov\u00e9 bunky omnoho toxickej\u0161ie.<\/strong> Ide o druh, ktor\u00fd je vystaven\u00fd pr\u00edrodn\u00fdm \u017eivlom ako d\u00e1\u017e\u010f, vietor \u010di slne\u010dn\u00e9 svetlo. Na z\u00e1klade toho men\u00ed svoj tvar a \u0161trukt\u00faru, pri\u010dom sa op\u00e4\u0165 dost\u00e1va do \u017eiv\u00fdch organizmov.<\/p>\n<p>Uveden\u00fd experiment sa v po\u010diato\u010dnej f\u00e1ze realizoval prostredn\u00edctvom k\u0155menia my\u0161\u00ed so zvetran\u00fdmi mikroplastmi, pri\u010dom <strong>po\u010das t\u00fd\u017ed\u0148a sa im zv\u00fd\u0161ili hladiny z\u00e1palov\u00fdch \u010dast\u00edc v krvi.<\/strong> Okrem toho v\u00fdskumn\u00fd t\u00edm zaznamenal aj vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed po\u010det m\u0155tvych buniek v mozgu. Na z\u00e1klade zisten\u00fdch poznatkov vedci za\u010dali sk\u00fama\u0165 vplyv tejto skupiny mikroplastov na \u013eudsk\u00e9 mikroglie pestovan\u00e9 v laborat\u00f3riu.<\/p>\n<p>Ide o tkaniv\u00e1, ktor\u00e9 tvoria 10 a\u017e 15 percent mozgov\u00fdch buniek, pri\u010dom maj\u00fa <strong>obrovsk\u00fd vplyv na n\u00e1\u0161 centr\u00e1lny nervov\u00fd syst\u00e9m.<\/strong> Z\u00e1rove\u0148 ich prim\u00e1rnou \u00falohou je h\u013eada\u0165 predmety, ktor\u00e9 by sa v \u0148om nemali nach\u00e1dza\u0165.<\/p>\n<h3>Nekon\u010diaci boj s plastmi<\/h3>\n<p>Plasty s\u00fa s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou na\u0161ich ka\u017edodenn\u00fdch \u017eivotov. S\u00edce si to mnoh\u00ed z n\u00e1s mo\u017eno ani neuvedomuj\u00fa, tvoria zna\u010dn\u00fa \u010das\u0165 \u017eivotne d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fdch predmetov, vr\u00e1tane oble\u010denia, dopravn\u00fdch prostriedkov, kozmetick\u00fdch a hygienick\u00fdch produktov \u010di dokonca jedla. <strong>Pod\u013ea \u0161tatist\u00edk z roku 2021 sa v priebehu dan\u00e9ho roka vyprodukovalo 390 mili\u00f3nov ton plastu.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>V s\u00fa\u010dasnosti existuje nieko\u013eko kraj\u00edn, ktor\u00e9 ved\u00fa boj s jednorazov\u00fdmi plastmi. Ako sme informovali u\u017e v na\u0161om spom\u00ednanom \u010dl\u00e1nku, <strong>medzi prv\u00e9 sa zaradili Spojen\u00e9 \u0161t\u00e1ty americk\u00e9,<\/strong> ktor\u00e9 zak\u00e1zali pou\u017e\u00edvanie mikroplastov. Nesk\u00f4r podobn\u00fd z\u00e1kaz za\u010dal plati\u0165 aj vo Ve\u013ekej Brit\u00e1nii, v Taliansku \u010di na Novom Z\u00e9lande.<\/p>\n Mnoh\u00e9 krajiny dlhodobo bojuj\u00fa s vyu\u017e\u00edvan\u00edm jednorazov\u00fdch plastov. Zdroj: pexels.com\n<p>Dan\u00fd boj nie je \u013eahostajn\u00fd ani Eur\u00f3pskej \u00fanii, pri\u010dom <strong>v roku 2017 si Eur\u00f3pska komisia vy\u017eiadala, aby Eur\u00f3pska chemick\u00e1 agent\u00fara zriadila n\u00e1vrh odkazuj\u00faci na z\u00e1kaz pou\u017e\u00edvania plastov v kozmetike, \u010distiacich prostriedkoch a hnojiv\u00e1ch.<\/strong> Jeho fin\u00e1lna podoba sa zrealizovala v roku 2021, pri\u010dom jeho s\u00fa\u010das\u0165 tvor\u00ed 20 druhov mikroplastov. Z\u00e1kaz v\u0161ak vynech\u00e1va nanoplasty a rozlo\u017eite\u013en\u00e9 plasty, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa rizikovou skupinou, najm\u00e4 kv\u00f4li tomu, \u017ee sa v skuto\u010dnosti tak \u013eahko nerozkladaj\u00fa.<\/p>\n<p>Probl\u00e9m plastov sa t\u00fdka aj mnoh\u00fdch stravovac\u00edch zariaden\u00ed. Na z\u00e1klade toho sa po\u010das roku 2021 na Slovensku schv\u00e1lila legislat\u00edvna \u00faprava Ministerstva \u017eivotn\u00e9ho prostredia Slovenskej republiky, ktor\u00e1 sa t\u00fdkala jednorazov\u00fdch plastov. Prostredn\u00edctvom tohto kroku sa zak\u00e1zali<strong> v trval\u00fdch prev\u00e1dzkach verejn\u00e9ho a r\u00fdchleho stravovania.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Z\u00e1kaz sa via\u017ee aj na verejn\u00e9 podujatia, pri\u010dom <strong>v\u00fdnimku netvor\u00ed ani \u0161t\u00e1tna spr\u00e1va, pre ktor\u00fa plat\u00ed od za\u010diatku tohto roka.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h3>Pr\u00edtomnos\u0165 mikroplastov v \u010derstvo napadanom snehu<\/h3>\n<p>Ako je u\u017e zn\u00e1me, <strong>spom\u00ednan\u00e9 drobn\u00e9 \u010dastice sa do n\u00e1\u0161ho krvn\u00e9ho obehu m\u00f4\u017eu dosta\u0165 prostredn\u00edctvom d\u00fdchania.<\/strong> Ich pr\u00edtomnos\u0165 sa nezaznamenala v\u0161ak len v \u013eudskej krvi, ale aj dokonca v \u010derstvo napadanom snehu na \u00fazem\u00ed Antarkt\u00eddy.<\/p>\n<p>Podrobnej\u0161ie v\u00fdskumy preuk\u00e1zali pr\u00edtomnos\u0165 a\u017e 29 mikroplastov v jednom litri rozpusten\u00e9ho snehu. <strong>Ide o varovn\u00fd sign\u00e1l oh\u013eadom zne\u010distenia plan\u00e9ty, nako\u013eko sa zaznamenali aj v od\u013eahlej\u0161\u00edch oblastiach,<\/strong> ako je napr\u00edklad Rossovo more v Tichom oce\u00e1ne.<\/p>\n Plasty tvoria ve\u013ek\u00fa \u010das\u0165 n\u00e1\u0161ho \u017eivota, s\u00edce mnoh\u00ed z n\u00e1s si to neuvedomuj\u00fa. Zdroj: pexels.com\n<p>Z\u00e1rove\u0148 v pr\u00edpade siahaj\u00facom do Antarkt\u00eddy sa d\u00f4raz kl\u00e1dol najm\u00e4 na \u010dastice polyetyl\u00e9ntereftal\u00e1tu, <strong>ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa zn\u00e1me pod zna\u010dkou PET.<\/strong> Ich vyu\u017eitie mo\u017eno n\u00e1js\u0165 najm\u00e4 pri obalov\u00fdch materi\u00e1loch potrav\u00edn, n\u00e1pojov \u010di rozli\u010dn\u00fdch kvapal\u00edn.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Pr\u00edtomnos\u0165 mikroplastov mo\u017eno zaznamena\u0165 v\u0161ade okolo n\u00e1s. Dlhodobo sa diskutuje o ich negat\u00edvnom vplyve na moria a oce\u00e1ny, ktor\u00fd ohrozuje kvalitu \u017eivota mnoh\u00fdch \u017eivo\u010d\u00edchov. Vpl\u00fdvaj\u00fa<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8435","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-archiv","two-columns"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8435","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8435"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8435\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8435"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8435"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8435"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}