{"id":8446,"date":"2023-09-08T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2023-09-07T23:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/uncategorized\/hoaxy-a-technologie\/"},"modified":"2023-09-08T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2023-09-07T23:00:00","slug":"hoaxy-a-technologie","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/archiv\/hoaxy-a-technologie\/","title":{"rendered":"Hoaxy a technol\u00f3gie: S\u00fa pomocou nich vytv\u00e1ran\u00e9, \u0161\u00edren\u00e9, ale aj overovan\u00e9. Zistite ako im nenaletie\u0165"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Digit\u00e1lna doba m\u00e1 za n\u00e1sledok verejne dostupn\u00e9 inform\u00e1cie, \u010domu prispieva k doposia\u013e najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161ej informovanosti \u013eudu. <strong>Av\u0161ak v obrovskom mno\u017estve inform\u00e1ci\u00ed sa skr\u00fdvaj\u00fa aj tie klamliv\u00e9<\/strong>, \u010di zav\u00e1dzaj\u00face, \u010di\u017ee hoaxy, dezinform\u00e1cie a misinform\u00e1cie.<\/p>\n<p>O tomto riziku vedia aj bezpe\u010dnostn\u00e9 zlo\u017eky. <em>\u201eModern\u00e9 technol\u00f3gie prin\u00e1\u0161aj\u00fa mno\u017estvo v\u00fdhod, ale aj bezpe\u010dnostn\u00fdch riz\u00edk, o \u010dom sa verejnos\u0165 mohla presved\u010di\u0165 predov\u0161etk\u00fdm pri zneu\u017e\u00edvan\u00ed soci\u00e1lnych siet\u00ed oh\u013eadom dezinform\u00e1ci\u00ed o pand\u00e9mii koronav\u00edrusu,\u201c<\/em> nap\u00edsala Pol\u00edcia Slovenskej Republiky na svojom Facebook profile.<\/p>\n<p>Hoaxy, teda \u00famyselne vytvoren\u00e9 klamliv\u00e9 inform\u00e1cie, sa daj\u00fa vytvori\u0165 aj jednoducho a\u00a0bez pou\u017eitia prevratn\u00fdch technol\u00f3gi\u00ed. <strong>Av\u0161ak podvodn\u00edci ich dok\u00e1\u017eu zu\u017eitkova\u0165 pri vytv\u00e1ran\u00ed prepracovanej\u0161ieho narat\u00edvu<\/strong>, ktor\u00fd m\u00e1 v\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00ed potenci\u00e1l ovplyvni\u0165 masy \u013eud\u00ed. Pri\u010dom nemus\u00ed \u00eds\u0165 len o\u00a0\u013eud\u00ed s\u00a0ni\u017e\u0161\u00edm vzdelan\u00edm, o\u00a0\u010dom sme v\u00e1s informovali v\u00a0na\u0161om predch\u00e1dzaj\u00facom \u010dl\u00e1nku.<\/p>\n<p>Na\u0161\u0165astie nimi nedisponuj\u00fa iba oni, ale aj druh\u00e1 strana \u2013 overova\u010di faktov. T\u00ed s\u00fa v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inou zdru\u017een\u00fd v agent\u00farach, ktor\u00e9 systematicky rozkr\u00fdvaj\u00fa klamliv\u00e9 \u010di zav\u00e1dzaj\u00face pr\u00edbehy, ktor\u00e9 sa \u0161\u00edria po webov\u00fdch port\u00e1loch \u010di soci\u00e1lnych sie\u0165ach. Nemus\u00edte sa v\u0161ak spolieha\u0165 iba na ich pr\u00e1cu, <strong>preto\u017ee v\u010faka dostupn\u00fdm technol\u00f3gi\u00e1m si m\u00f4\u017eete inform\u00e1cie overi\u0165 aj sami<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h3>Ako vznik\u00e1 hoax?<\/h3>\n<p>Hoaxy alebo dezinform\u00e1cie, ktor\u00e9 sa \u0161\u00edria naprie\u010d internetom, s\u00fa \u010dastokr\u00e1t doplnen\u00e9 o obr\u00e1zky alebo vide\u00e1. <strong>Tie m\u00f4\u017eu z\u00e1\u0161kodn\u00edci umelo vytvori\u0165, pr\u00edpadne upravi\u0165, aby kore\u0161pondovali s ich z\u00e1merom<\/strong> \u2013 napr\u00edklad diskredit\u00e1cia politika alebo inej verejne zn\u00e1mej osoby.<\/p>\n<p>Ako informuje port\u00e1l Techbox, pojem deepfake \u2013 spojenie slov deep learning a\u00a0fake \u2013 ozna\u010duje technol\u00f3giu, ktor\u00e1 prostredn\u00edctvom umelej inteligencie dok\u00e1\u017ee do videa vlo\u017ei\u0165 napr\u00edklad tv\u00e1r \u010dloveka. <strong>V\u00fdsledkom tohto procesu m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 video, v\u00a0ktorom verejne zn\u00e1ma osoba hovor\u00ed nie\u010do, \u010do v\u00a0skuto\u010dnosti nepovedala.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><iframe src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/cQ54GDm1eL0?si=IlO3JcAcy2nlG7BT\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><br \/>\nOkrem takto vytvoren\u00fdch vide\u00ed m\u00f4\u017eu zmanipulova\u0165 aj obr\u00e1zky. <strong>Za pomoci po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00fdch programov na \u00fapravu digit\u00e1lnych fotografi\u00ed m\u00f4\u017eu prida\u0165 alebo odstr\u00e1ni\u0165 objekty, pr\u00edpadne zmeni\u0165 niektor\u00e9 \u010dasti obr\u00e1zku<\/strong>. To m\u00e1 za d\u00f4sledok, \u017ee p\u00f4vodn\u00fd obr\u00e1zok str\u00e1ca svoj v\u00fdznam, v\u010faka \u010domu ho m\u00f4\u017eu pou\u017ei\u0165 na \u0161\u00edrenie l\u017e\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Zab\u00fada\u0165 netreba ani na generat\u00edvnu umel\u00fa inteligenciu<\/strong>, preto\u017ee t\u00e1 dok\u00e1\u017ee vytvori\u0165 na z\u00e1klade pr\u00edkazu obr\u00e1zky, vide\u00e1 \u010di zvukov\u00e9 stopy. Zrejme prv\u00fd hoax, ktor\u00fd obletel svet a bol vytvoren\u00fd pr\u00e1ve za pomoci tejto technol\u00f3gie je \u00fadajn\u00e1 fotografia p\u00e1pe\u017ea Franti\u0161ka oble\u010den\u00e9ho v \u0161t\u00fdlovej zimnej bunde, p\u00ed\u0161e port\u00e1l CBS News.<\/p>\n<h3>Nenechajte sa nachyta\u0165<\/h3>\n<p>Platformy, ktor\u00e9 umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00fa ka\u017ed\u00e9mu pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eovi uverej\u0148ova\u0165 obsah odjak\u017eiva l\u00e1kali aj pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov, ktor\u00fdch z\u00e1mery neboli v\u017edy \u010dist\u00e9. <strong>Overovanie inform\u00e1ci\u00ed sa ukazuje v dne\u0161nej dobe, ako \u010doraz viac d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9<\/strong>, preto\u017ee nemal\u00e1 \u010das\u0165 popul\u00e1cie vyu\u017e\u00edva internetov\u00e9 kan\u00e1ly na z\u00edskavanie inform\u00e1ci\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Inform\u00e1cie prin\u00e1\u0161aj\u00fa okrem textu aj sprievodn\u00e9 obr\u00e1zky. <strong>Pokia\u013e si chcete overi\u0165, \u010di dan\u00fd obr\u00e1zok skuto\u010dne vyobrazuje to, o \u010dom autor p\u00ed\u0161e, m\u00f4\u017eete vyu\u017ei\u0165 napr\u00edklad Google Images<\/strong>, respekt\u00edve funkciu sp\u00e4tn\u00e9ho vyh\u013ead\u00e1vania, uv\u00e1dza Denn\u00edk N.<\/p>\n<p>Po vlo\u017een\u00ed obr\u00e1zka do prehliada\u010da, v\u00e1m uk\u00e1\u017ee v\u0161etky v\u00fdsledky, kde sa dan\u00fd obr\u00e1zok vyskytol. V<strong>\u0161\u00edmajte si, ak\u00e9 webov\u00e9 str\u00e1nky uverejnili, a kedy tak urobili<\/strong>. Podvodn\u00edci toti\u017e \u010dastokr\u00e1t pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa fotografie, ktor\u00e9 maj\u00fa nieko\u013eko rokov, pri\u010dom v\u00f4bec nes\u00favisia s ich inform\u00e1ciami.<\/p>\n \u010casto sa zamie\u0148aj\u00fa fotky protestov alebo pr\u00edrodn\u00fdch katastrof. Zdroj: unsplash.com\/@mettyunuabona\n<p>Rozozna\u0165 zmanipulovan\u00fd obr\u00e1zok od p\u00f4vodn\u00e9ho m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9, obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 pokia\u013e podvodn\u00edk vie dobre ovl\u00e1da\u0165 dan\u00fd softv\u00e9r. Adobe, The New York Times Company a\u00a0Twitter (pozn. red. v s\u00fa\u010dasnosti X) e\u0161te v\u00a0roku 2019 ozn\u00e1mili, \u017ee spolo\u010dn\u00fdmi silami pracuj\u00fa na vytvoren\u00ed \u0161tandardu, <strong>ktor\u00fd umo\u017en\u00ed zobrazi\u0165 meno autora p\u00f4vodnej fotky, pr\u00edpadne \u010di bola upraven\u00e1<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h3>Dobr\u00fd sluha, zl\u00fd p\u00e1n<\/h3>\n<p><strong>Dokonca aj umel\u00e1 inteligencia m\u00f4\u017ee pom\u00f4c\u0165 v\u00a0boji proti hoaxom a dezinform\u00e1ci\u00e1m<\/strong>, a\u00a0to aj napriek tomu, \u017ee m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 zneu\u017eit\u00e1 pri ich vytv\u00e1ran\u00ed. Port\u00e1l Brainee na z\u00e1klade TASR informuje o\u00a0umelej inteligenci\u00ed, ktor\u00fa vytvoril t\u00edm v\u00fdskumn\u00edkov z\u00a0Kempelenovho in\u0161tit\u00fatu inteligentn\u00fdch technol\u00f3gi\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00e1 vyh\u013ead\u00e1va u\u017e overen\u00e9 fakty z in\u00fdch webov, <strong>pri\u010dom \u0161etr\u00ed \u010das fact-checkerom<\/strong>. Ved\u00faci v\u00fdskumn\u00edk in\u0161tit\u00fatu Jakub \u0160imko pre TASR povedal: <em>&quot;<\/em><em>R\u00fdchlo zistia, \u010di fact-check v\u00f4bec treba p\u00edsa\u0165, pr\u00edpadne si vedia pom\u00f4c\u0165 obsahom z in\u00e9ho jazyka.<\/em>&quot;<\/p>\n<p>Boj s proti dezinform\u00e1ci\u00e1m m\u00f4\u017eeme prirovna\u0165 k boju zla proti dobru \u010di svetla proti temnote. <strong>Technol\u00f3gie sa s\u00edce neust\u00e1le vyv\u00edjaj\u00fa, no denne vznikne obrovsk\u00e9 mno\u017estvo nov\u00fdch hoaxov<\/strong>. Najlep\u0161\u00edm n\u00e1strojom ako si s nimi poradi\u0165 je opatrnos\u0165, obozretnos\u0165 a zdrav\u00fd skepticizmus.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Digit\u00e1lna doba m\u00e1 za n\u00e1sledok verejne dostupn\u00e9 inform\u00e1cie, \u010domu prispieva k doposia\u013e najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161ej informovanosti \u013eudu. Av\u0161ak v obrovskom mno\u017estve inform\u00e1ci\u00ed sa skr\u00fdvaj\u00fa aj tie klamliv\u00e9,<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8446","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-archiv","two-columns"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8446","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8446"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8446\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8446"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8446"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8446"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}