{"id":8463,"date":"2023-09-15T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2023-09-14T23:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/uncategorized\/kvalita-spanku-a-alzheimer\/"},"modified":"2023-09-15T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2023-09-14T23:00:00","slug":"kvalita-spanku-a-alzheimer","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/archiv\/kvalita-spanku-a-alzheimer\/","title":{"rendered":"Kvalita sp\u00e1nku m\u00e1 vplyv na vznik neurologick\u00fdch ochoren\u00ed, v\u00fdnimku netvor\u00ed ani Alzheimerova choroba"},"content":{"rendered":"

Kvalita sp\u00e1nku ovplyv\u0148uje viac vec\u00ed, ne\u017e si mysl\u00edme. Nez\u00e1vis\u00ed od nej len na\u0161a produktivita po\u010das d\u0148a, pozit\u00edvny dopad m\u00e1 aj na zdravie.<\/strong> Poukazuj\u00fa na to aj be\u017en\u00e9 situ\u00e1cie zo \u017eivota, napr\u00edklad po\u010das chr\u00edpky, kedy aj z lek\u00e1rskeho h\u013eadiska sa odpor\u00fa\u010da pokoj na l\u00f4\u017eku.<\/p>\n

Ako sme informovali v na\u0161om predch\u00e1dzaj\u00facom \u010dl\u00e1nku, dopad m\u00f4\u017ee ma\u0165 aj na d\u013a\u017eku \u017eivota, nako\u013eko ho m\u00f4\u017ee o p\u00e1r rokov pred\u013a\u017ei\u0165. Treba v\u0161ak bra\u0165 oh\u013ead na men\u0161ie odch\u00fdlky u jednotliv\u00fdch pohlav\u00ed, nako\u013eko mu\u017ei sa v porovnan\u00ed so \u017eenami m\u00f4\u017eu do\u017ei\u0165 a\u017e o takmer tri roky dlh\u0161ie.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Z\u00e1rove\u0148 sa dlhodobo diskutuje o tom, ko\u013eko hod\u00edn sp\u00e1nku denne sta\u010d\u00ed, aby sa \u010dlovek c\u00edtil odd\u00fdchnut\u00fd. K\u00fdm mnoh\u00ed odborn\u00edci odpor\u00fa\u010daj\u00fa osem a\u017e viac hod\u00edn, jeden z v\u00fdskumov poukazuje na to, \u017ee ani dlh\u00fd sp\u00e1nok nie je pre \u013eudsk\u00e9 telo prirodzen\u00fd,<\/strong> uv\u00e1dza port\u00e1l aktuality.sk. V danom pr\u00edpade sa zvy\u0161uje riziko r\u00f4znych zdravotn\u00fdch komplik\u00e1ci\u00ed, ako s\u00fa napr\u00edklad cukrovka \u010di kardiovaskul\u00e1rne ochorenia.<\/p>\n

Naopak sedemhodinov\u00fd sp\u00e1nok sa vyzna\u010duje s najni\u017e\u0161ou mierou chorobnosti a \u00famrtnosti.<\/strong> Vypl\u00fdva to z v\u00fdskumu profesora na Kalifornskej univerzite v San Diegu, Daniela D. Kripkeho, ktor\u00fd viac ako \u0161es\u0165 rokov sledoval \u00fadaje o 1,1 mili\u00f3ne \u013eud\u00ed. Uveden\u00e1 v\u00fdskumn\u00e1 vzorka sa podie\u013eala na rozsiahlej \u0161t\u00fadi\u00ed oh\u013eadom rakoviny, pri\u010dom ni\u017e\u0161ia \u00famrtnos\u0165 sa zaznamenala u jedincov s krat\u0161ou dobou sp\u00e1nku.<\/p>\n

Riziko neurologick\u00fdch ochoren\u00ed<\/h3>\n

Nedostatok sp\u00e1nku nielen\u017ee ovplyv\u0148uje na\u0161u n\u00e1ladu a imunitu, ale aj riziko vzniku neurologick\u00fdch ochoren\u00ed. Patr\u00ed k n\u00edm napr\u00edklad Alzheimerova choroba, na ktor\u00fa m\u00e1 zna\u010dn\u00fd vplyv aj prote\u00edn pleiotrop\u00ednu.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Port\u00e1l ScienceAlert p\u00ed\u0161e, \u017ee jedna zo \u0161t\u00fadi\u00ed zaoberaj\u00faca sa s negat\u00edvnymi \u00fa\u010dinkami nespavosti na mozog poukazuje na to, \u017ee nedostatok sp\u00e1nku m\u00f4\u017ee vies\u0165 k zn\u00ed\u017een\u00fdm hodnot\u00e1m dan\u00e9ho prote\u00ednu.<\/strong> N\u00e1sledne doch\u00e1dza k smrti neur\u00f3nov\u00fdch buniek v hipokampuse, pri\u010dom ide o d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fa oblas\u0165 v mozgu pre u\u010denie a pam\u00e4\u0165.<\/p>\n Kvalita sp\u00e1nku ovplyv\u0148uje na\u0161u produktivitu po\u010das d\u0148a Zdroj: pexels.com\n

Autori v\u00fdskumu pre podrobnej\u0161ie v\u00fdsledky pou\u017eili my\u0161ac\u00ed model indukovanej nespavosti,<\/strong> pri\u010dom zna\u010dn\u00fa mieru sk\u00famania tvorili testy na kognit\u00edvne schopnosti my\u0161\u00ed. Ich s\u00fa\u010das\u0165 tvorili cvi\u010denia zah\u0155\u0148aj\u00face kvalitu priestorov\u00fdch schopnost\u00ed v bludisku \u010di kr\u00e1tkodob\u00fa pam\u00e4\u0165 pri rozpozn\u00e1van\u00ed nov\u00e9ho objektu.<\/p>\n

Na to, aby testy vy\u0161li s najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161ou presnos\u0165ou, v\u00fdskumn\u00edci n\u00e1sledn\u00fa anal\u00fdzu vykonali a\u017e po 24 hodin\u00e1ch po teste v bludisku. Na z\u00e1klade toho sa potvrdilo, \u017ee 164 prote\u00ednov vykazovalo odli\u0161n\u00e9 hodnoty v mozgoch my\u0161\u00ed s modelom nespavosti v porovnan\u00ed s kontroln\u00fdmi my\u0161ami.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Mnoho z prote\u00ednov sa sp\u00e1ja pr\u00e1ve s dr\u00e1hami v hipokampuse, ktor\u00e9 s\u00favisia s neurodegenerat\u00edvnymi ochoreniami, ku ktor\u00fdm patr\u00ed Alzheimerova, Parkinsonova \u010di Huntingtonova choroba.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Na z\u00e1klade sk\u00famania sa poukazuje na to, \u017ee pleiotrop\u00edn sa d\u00e1 pova\u017eova\u0165 za nov\u00fd biomarker v s\u00favislosti s kognit\u00edvnymi poruchami vyvolan\u00fdmi nespavos\u0165ou.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kvalita sp\u00e1nku Slov\u00e1kov<\/h3>\n

Po v\u00fdsledkoch uveden\u00e9ho sk\u00famania sa odpor\u00fa\u010da nahradi\u0165 hodiny pozeran\u00edm Netflixu za sp\u00e1nok. Ako s\u00fa na tom v\u0161ak Slov\u00e1ci s ich kvalitou sp\u00e1nku?<\/strong><\/p>\n

S\u00edce sa odpor\u00fa\u010da denne spa\u0165 sedem a\u017e osem hod\u00edn, nie ka\u017ed\u00fd disponuje kvalitn\u00fdm sp\u00e1nkom. Ako sme uviedli v na\u0161om spom\u00ednanom \u010dl\u00e1nku, polovica Slov\u00e1kov m\u00e1 s danou vecou probl\u00e9m. Nejde v\u0161ak o nie\u010do, s \u010d\u00edm by sa zaoberali, nako\u013eko len mal\u00e1 \u010das\u0165 z nich u\u017e\u00edva lieky na predpis.<\/strong><\/p>\n Slov\u00e1ci a \u010cesi s\u00fa n\u00e1chyln\u00ed k poruch\u00e1m sp\u00e1nku. Zdroj: pexels.com\n

Pod\u013ea v\u00fdskumu spolo\u010dnosti GfK sp\u00e1nkov\u00e9 poruchy pre slovensk\u00fa a \u010desk\u00fa popul\u00e1ciu predstavuj\u00fa ve\u013ek\u00fd probl\u00e9m.<\/strong> V\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina z nich sa spolieha preva\u017ene na \u010daje na spanie \u010di pohybov\u00fa aktivitu pred samotn\u00fdm aktom. Medzi naj\u010dastej\u0161ie poruchy patria nespavos\u0165, poruchy d\u00fdchania po\u010das sp\u00e1nku, netypick\u00e9 no\u010dn\u00e9 spr\u00e1vanie \u010di nadmern\u00e1 denn\u00e1 spavos\u0165.<\/p>\n

Na Slovensku je pre pacientov k dispoz\u00edcii sp\u00e1nkov\u00e9 laborat\u00f3rium Univerzitnej nemocnice Bratislava,<\/strong> pri\u010dom v priebehu roka ho nav\u0161t\u00edvi 450 \u013eud\u00ed. V 80 % pr\u00edpadoch ide o mu\u017eov vo veku 40 a\u017e 60 rokov.<\/p>\n

Pacienti zvykn\u00fa by\u0165 v danom zariaden\u00ed hospitalizovan\u00ed po dobu dvoch a\u017e troch dn\u00ed. Vy\u0161etrenia sa vykon\u00e1vaj\u00fa po\u010das sp\u00e1nku, pri\u010dom k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00fdmi faktormi s\u00fa parametre v podobe elektroaktivity mozgu, polohy tela alebo okysli\u010denia krvi.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ako docieli\u0165 kvalitn\u00fd sp\u00e1nok?<\/h3>\n

Existuje mnoho sp\u00f4sobov, ktor\u00e9 pom\u00e1haj\u00fa docieli\u0165 kvalitn\u00fd sp\u00e1nok. Av\u0161ak v pr\u00edpade, \u017ee nespavos\u0165 trv\u00e1 viac ako tri mesiace, odpor\u00fa\u010da sa nav\u0161t\u00edvi\u0165 odborn\u00edka.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Pokia\u013e si v\u0161ak len chcete zlep\u0161i\u0165 svoje sp\u00e1nkov\u00e9 n\u00e1vyky, ide predov\u0161etk\u00fdm o tr\u00e9ning mozgu. Na za\u010diatok sa odpor\u00fa\u010da dodr\u017eiava\u0165 vopred stanoven\u00fa sp\u00e1nkov\u00fa hygienu. Jeden z najd\u00f4le\u017eitej\u0161\u00edch faktorov pozost\u00e1va z toho, aby ste ka\u017ed\u00fd de\u0148 vst\u00e1vali a chodili spa\u0165 v rovnak\u00fd \u010das.<\/strong> Plati\u0165 by to malo rovnako aj po\u010das v\u00edkendu.<\/p>\n Modr\u00e9 svetlo m\u00f4\u017ee ma\u0165 negat\u00edvny dopad na kvalitu sp\u00e1nku. Zdroj: pexels.com\n

Z\u00e1rove\u0148 sa odpor\u00fa\u010da vyvarova\u0165 sa poh\u00e1riku alkoholu pred span\u00edm,<\/strong> nako\u013eko po\u017eitie alkoholick\u00fdch n\u00e1pojov predstavuje v\u00e4\u010d\u0161iu \u0161ancu, \u017ee sa po\u010das noci budete budi\u0165. Vhodn\u00fdm krokom je aj nepou\u017e\u00edvanie elektronick\u00fdch zariaden\u00ed minim\u00e1lne hodinu pred span\u00edm, nako\u013eko za ru\u0161iv\u00fd faktor sa pova\u017euje aj modr\u00e9 svetlo.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Kvalita sp\u00e1nku ovplyv\u0148uje viac vec\u00ed, ne\u017e si mysl\u00edme. Nez\u00e1vis\u00ed od nej len na\u0161a produktivita po\u010das d\u0148a, pozit\u00edvny dopad m\u00e1 aj na zdravie. Poukazuj\u00fa na to<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8463","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-archiv","two-columns"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8463","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8463"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8463\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8463"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8463"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8463"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}