{"id":8490,"date":"2023-10-05T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2023-10-04T23:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/uncategorized\/hranice-dlhovekosti-sa-posuvaju-moze-za-to-geneticky-mix\/"},"modified":"2023-10-05T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2023-10-04T23:00:00","slug":"hranice-dlhovekosti-sa-posuvaju-moze-za-to-geneticky-mix","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/archiv\/hranice-dlhovekosti-sa-posuvaju-moze-za-to-geneticky-mix\/","title":{"rendered":"Hranice dlhovekosti sa pos\u00favaj\u00fa. M\u00f4\u017ee za to dobr\u00fd genetick\u00fd mix?"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u010co ak smr\u0165 nemo\u017eno dobehn\u00fa\u0165? Dlhovekos\u0165 tak bude ma\u0165 v\u017edy svoj strop<\/strong>, bez oh\u013eadu na to, \u010do rob\u00edme.<\/p>\n

Vedci sa sna\u017eia zisti\u0165, ako dlho by sme mohli \u017ei\u0165, ak by sme sa vyhli t\u00fdm najbe\u017enej\u0161\u00edm pr\u00ed\u010din\u00e1m \u00famrtia – napr\u00edklad rakovine \u010di chorob\u00e1m srdca. E\u0161te v osemn\u00e1stom storo\u010d\u00ed zn\u00e1my franc\u00fazsky pr\u00edrodovedec Georges-Louis Leclerc pri\u0161iel s\u00a0te\u00f3riou, \u017ee \u010dlovek, ktor\u00fd neutrpel nehodu alebo mu nebola diagnostikovan\u00e1 choroba, teoreticky m\u00f4\u017ee osl\u00e1vi\u0165 sto rokov.<\/p>\n

\n

Odvtedy ale \u013eudstvo napredovalo. Zaznamenali sme v\u00fdrazn\u00fd posun v medic\u00edne, na\u0161e \u017eivotn\u00e9 \u0161tandardy sa zv\u00fd\u0161ili a najm\u00e4 zlep\u0161ili. Preto nie je prekvapen\u00edm, \u017ee sa \u013eudia be\u017ene do\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa vyt\u00fa\u017eenej \u201estovky\u201c.<\/p>\n

\u010co hovorili predkovia?<\/strong><\/h3>\n

U\u017e star\u00ed Hebrejci a Rimania mali svoje vlastn\u00e9 predstavy o d\u013a\u017eke \u013eudsk\u00e9ho \u017eivota. Niektor\u00ed tvrdili, \u017ee \u010dlovek sa nedo\u017eije viac ako 80 rokov, in\u00ed boli zna\u010dne optimistickej\u0161\u00ed a hovorili o 110 rokoch. Jeanna Calmentov\u00e1<\/strong> z Franc\u00fazska n\u00e1m v\u0161ak uk\u00e1zala, \u017ee \u013eudsk\u00fd \u017eivot m\u00f4\u017ee\u00a0prekro\u010di\u0165 v\u0161etky o\u010dak\u00e1vania. Do\u017eila sa \u00factyhodn\u00fdch 122 rokov<\/strong>, a to v \u010dase, ke\u010f priemern\u00e1 d\u013a\u017eka \u017eivota bola \u00a040 rokov.<\/p>\n

Vypo\u010d\u00edta\u0165 priemern\u00fa d\u013a\u017eku \u017eivota je relat\u00edvne jednoduch\u00e9, ale stanovi\u0165 maxim\u00e1lnu hranicu je o nie\u010do n\u00e1ro\u010dnej\u0161ie. V tejto problematike neexistuje jednotn\u00fd n\u00e1zor ani medzi vedcami. Niektor\u00ed sa domnievaj\u00fa, \u017ee dlhovekos\u0165 sa pohybuje na \u0161k\u00e1le okolo 120, 140 alebo 150 rokov. \u010eal\u0161\u00ed teoretizuj\u00fa o tom, \u017ee proces starnutia nemus\u00ed nutne vies\u0165 k smrti.<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Hranice dlhovekosti sa pos\u00favaj\u00fa<\/strong><\/h3>\n
\n

Vedci na\u0161li sp\u00f4soby, ako pred\u013a\u017ei\u0165 \u017eivot \u010dervov, my\u0161\u00ed a dokonca aj op\u00edc.<\/strong> Ich pr\u00e1ca odhalila vzru\u0161uj\u00face nov\u00e9 stopy o biol\u00f3gii starnutia. Overen\u00fd sp\u00f4sob, ako zv\u00fd\u0161i\u0165 \u0161ancu na dlh\u00fd a akt\u00edvny \u017eivot, je riadi\u0165 sa radami star\u0161\u00edch: dobre sa stravujte, pravidelne cvi\u010dte, doprajte si ve\u013ea sp\u00e1nku a vyh\u00fdbajte sa zl\u00fdm n\u00e1vykom.<\/p>\n S prib\u00fadaj\u00facim vekom sa v na\u0161om tele odohr\u00e1vaj\u00fa prirodzen\u00e9 zmeny, ktor\u00e9 m\u00f4\u017eu vies\u0165 k postupnej strate svalovej hmoty, zn\u00ed\u017eeniu energie a bolestiam k\u013abov. ov. Tieto zmeny m\u00f4\u017eu sp\u00f4sobi\u0165 poku\u0161enie menej sa pohybova\u0165 a viac sedie\u0165. ILUSTRA\u010cN\u00c1 FOTOGRAFIA (pixabay.com)\n

\n

Ameri\u010dania sa do\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa priemerne 79 rokov, \u010do predstavuje n\u00e1rast v porovnan\u00ed so situ\u00e1ciou pred sto rokmi. Vtedy sa do\u017e\u00edvali 54 rokov. V\u00fdskumy nazna\u010duj\u00fa, \u017ee zdrav\u00fd \u017eivotn\u00fd \u0161t\u00fdl, ako je pravideln\u00e9 cvi\u010denie, strava bez m\u00e4sa, absencia tabaku, alkoholu a udr\u017eiavanie vhodnej hmotnosti<\/strong>, m\u00f4\u017ee pozit\u00edvne ovplyvni\u0165 kvalitu a d\u013a\u017eku \u017eivota. \u013dudia dnes \u017eij\u00fa dlh\u0161ie a zdrav\u0161ie. Tento trend neevidujeme len v Spojen\u00fdch \u0161t\u00e1toch, ale na celom svete.<\/p>\n

\n

\u201eAkt\u00edvny pohyb je nevyhnutn\u00fd, ak si chceme \u017ei\u0165 bez chor\u00f4b \u010di u\u017e fyzick\u00fdch alebo psychick\u00fdch,\u201c \u00a0zd\u00f4raznil doktor Luigi Ferrucci, geriater z NIH, ktor\u00fd dohliada na v\u00fdskum starnutia a zdravia.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

Genetick\u00e9 predispoz\u00edcie<\/h3>\n

Mo\u017eno ste u\u017e po\u010duli o tom, \u017ee na dosiahnutie dlh\u0161ieho \u017eivota s\u00fa nevyhnutn\u00e9 dobr\u00e9 genetick\u00e9 predispoz\u00edcie. Expert na starnutie doktor Thomas Perls toto tvrdenie vyvr\u00e1til. Pod\u013ea neho s\u00fa g\u00e9ny iba \u010das\u0165ou rovnice. \u201eV\u00fdskum ukazuje, g\u00e9ny nemaj\u00fa v\u00fdrazn\u00fd\u00a0vplyv na na\u0161e \u0161ance do\u017ei\u0165 sa 85 rokov, tvoria toti\u017e menej ne\u017e jednu tretinu v\u0161etk\u00fdch faktorov,\u201c<\/em> vysvet\u013euje.<\/p>\n Vplyv g\u00e9nov je v\u0161ak silnej\u0161\u00ed u \u013eud\u00ed, ktor\u00ed sa do\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa vy\u0161\u0161ieho veku, napr\u00edklad nad 95 rokov. ILUSTRA\u010cN\u00c1 FOTOGRAFIA (pixabay.com)\n

Doktor Perls sa venoval \u0161t\u00fadiu \u013eud\u00ed, ktor\u00ed sa do\u017eili sto rokov a viac. Analyzoval ich rodiny, aby zistil viac o biologick\u00fdch, psychologick\u00fdch a soci\u00e1lnych faktoroch, prispievaj\u00facich k zdrav\u00e9mu starnutiu.<\/strong> Zd\u00f4raznil, \u017ee neexistuje jedin\u00fd g\u00e9n, ktor\u00fd by v\u00fdrazne ovplyvnil schopnos\u0165 dosiahnu\u0165 vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed vek. Sk\u00f4r ide o kombin\u00e1ciu stoviek g\u00e9nov, pri\u010dom ka\u017ed\u00fd z nich sa svojou \u201etro\u0161kou\u201c podie\u013ea na dlhovekosti. Av\u0161ak spr\u00e1vna kombin\u00e1cia v\u0161etk\u00fdch t\u00fdchto g\u00e9nov m\u00f4\u017ee ma\u0165 v\u00fdznamn\u00fd vplyv na pred\u013a\u017eenie \u017eivota.<\/p>\n

\n

K\u013e\u00fa\u010dom k zdrav\u00e9mu starnutiu na\u010falej zost\u00e1va snaha o\u00a0akt\u00edvny \u017eivot \u2013 du\u0161evn\u00fd, fyzick\u00fd \u010di soci\u00e1lny. \u201ePrechod do star\u0161\u00edch ro\u010dn\u00edkov nie je o tom, \u017ee sed\u00edte v hojdacom kresle a nech\u00e1te dni plyn\u00fa\u0165,\u201c<\/em> hovor\u00ed doktorka Marie Bernard, z\u00e1stupky\u0148a riadite\u013ea N\u00e1rodn\u00e9ho in\u0161tit\u00fatu pre starnutie NIH.<\/p>\n

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Pravideln\u00fd pr\u00edjem kvalitnej stravy a akt\u00edvny pohyb m\u00f4\u017eu ma\u0165 pozit\u00edvny vplyv na d\u013a\u017eku \u017eivota. Zdrav\u00e9 n\u00e1vyky sa tak m\u00f4\u017eu prejavi\u0165 na spomalen\u00ed procesov starnutia na bunkovej \u00farovni.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u010co ak smr\u0165 nemo\u017eno dobehn\u00fa\u0165? Dlhovekos\u0165 tak bude ma\u0165 v\u017edy svoj strop, bez oh\u013eadu na to, \u010do rob\u00edme. Vedci sa sna\u017eia zisti\u0165, ako dlho by<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8490","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-archiv","two-columns"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8490","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8490"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8490\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8490"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8490"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8490"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}