{"id":8492,"date":"2023-10-04T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2023-10-03T23:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/uncategorized\/najkrajsie-pyramidy-sveta-1-cast\/"},"modified":"2023-10-04T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2023-10-03T23:00:00","slug":"najkrajsie-pyramidy-sveta-1-cast","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/archiv\/najkrajsie-pyramidy-sveta-1-cast\/","title":{"rendered":"Najkraj\u0161ie pyram\u00eddy sveta (1.\u010das\u0165)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Pyram\u00eddy s\u00fa jedn\u00fdmi z <strong>najtajomnej\u0161\u00edch a najzauj\u00edmavej\u0161\u00edch stavebn\u00fdch diel starod\u00e1vnej civiliz\u00e1cie. <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Ich monumentalita, geometria a in\u017einierske zru\u010dnosti s\u00fa dodnes \u00fa\u017easom pre archeol\u00f3gov a vedcov z cel\u00e9ho sveta.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Takmer ka\u017ed\u00e1 starovek\u00e1 kult\u00fara a civiliz\u00e1cia, \u010di u\u017e mezopot\u00e1mska, \u010d\u00ednska, egyptsk\u00e1 alebo maysk\u00e1<\/strong>, zanechala dedi\u010dstvo t\u00fd\u010diacich sa starovek\u00fdch pyram\u00edd.<\/p>\n<p>Tu je v\u00fdber t\u00fdch najkraj\u0161\u00edch a najp\u00f4sobivej\u0161\u00edch pyramid\u00e1lnych \u0161trukt\u00far, ktor\u00e9 n\u00e1s fascinuj\u00fa a o\u010daruj\u00fa.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Pyram\u00edda Slnka \u2013 Teotihuacan, Mexiko<\/h3>\n<p>Stredomexick\u00e9 mesto Teotihuacan je architektonick\u00fd z\u00e1zrak pln\u00fd zlo\u017eit\u00fdch \u0161trukt\u00far a mohutn\u00fdch stup\u0148ovit\u00fdch pyram\u00edd.<\/p>\n<p>Najp\u00f4sobivej\u0161ia z nich, pyram\u00edda Slnka, sa\u00a0t\u00fd\u010di vo <b>v\u00fd\u0161ke<\/b><strong> 65 metrov<\/strong> a je postaven\u00e1 v piatich vrstv\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n<p>Po Cheopsovej pyram\u00edde a pyram\u00edde v Cholule, je<strong> tre\u0165ou najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161ou stavbou na svete a druhou v Strednej Amerike.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Nach\u00e1dza sa pozd\u013a\u017e centr\u00e1lnej Avenue of the Dead, ktor\u00e1 ju tie\u017e sp\u00e1ja s men\u0161ou pyram\u00eddou Mesiaca.<\/p>\n<p>Vyr\u00e1stla<strong> na mieste posv\u00e4tnej jaskyne s podzemn\u00fdm prame\u0148om a bola postaven\u00e1 ako symbol plodnosti a \u00farody. <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Ved\u013ea nej sa v\u0161etky ostatn\u00e9 stavby v Teotihuac\u00e1ne zdaj\u00fa mali\u010dk\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>Na <strong>z\u00e1padnej strane pyram\u00eddy je 248 nerovn\u00fdch schodov<\/strong>, ktor\u00e9 ved\u00fa na vrchol stavby.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Nejasnosti okolo jej vzniku<\/h3>\n<p>Pyram\u00edda Slnka bola <strong>postaven\u00e1 medzi rokmi 50 a\u017e 125 n. l. <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Po svojom vzniku merala pribli\u017ene 215 m\u00b2 a bola vysok\u00e1 pribli\u017ene 70 metrov.<\/p>\n<p>P\u00f4vodne sa skladala zo \u0161tyroch ter\u00e1s, chr\u00e1mu a plo\u0161iny Adosada, ktor\u00e1 vznikla nad p\u00f4vodnou hlavnou fas\u00e1dou.<\/p>\n<p>O tom, kto postavil Teotihuac\u00e1n, je m\u00e1lo zn\u00e1me a <strong>\u00fa\u010del pyram\u00eddy Slnka zost\u00e1va do zna\u010dnej miery predmetom \u0161pekul\u00e1ci\u00ed.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Niektor\u00ed archeol\u00f3govia zast\u00e1vaj\u00fa n\u00e1zor, \u017ee na <strong>vrchole pyram\u00eddy bol kedysi chr\u00e1m. <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Vedeli ste?<\/h3>\n<p><em><strong>Ve\u013ekou zauj\u00edmavos\u0165ou pyram\u00eddy Slnka je fakt, \u017ee je orientovan\u00e1 na trasu slnka od v\u00fdchodu k z\u00e1padu, a v de\u0148 rovnodennosti na bod na oblohe, kde sa vtedy objavuje s\u00fahvezdie Plej\u00e1dy.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n Chr\u00e1m Prang \u2013 Koh Ker, Kambod\u017ea. Zdroj: siemreap.net\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Chr\u00e1m Prang \u2013 Koh Ker, Kambod\u017ea<\/h3>\n<p>Kambod\u017ea, krajina bohat\u00e1 na \u00fachvatn\u00e9 historick\u00e9 pamiatky, pon\u00faka n\u00e1v\u0161tevn\u00edkom z cel\u00e9ho sveta poh\u013ead na \u00fa\u017easn\u00e9 chr\u00e1my a komplexy stojace v srdci hlbok\u00fdch lesov.<\/p>\n<p>Jedn\u00fdm z t\u00fdchto pokladov je Chr\u00e1m Prang v oblasti Koh Ker, z\u00e1padne od Angkoru.<\/p>\n<p>Kedysi <strong>starovek\u00e9 hlavn\u00e9 mesto Kambod\u017ee<\/strong>, Koh Ker, bolo <strong>domovom takmer 100 chr\u00e1mov, z ktor\u00fdch v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina e\u0161te stoj\u00ed. <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Medzi stavbami a pyram\u00eddami postaven\u00fdmi za vl\u00e1dy Jayavarmana IV, t\u00e1to <strong>sedemposchodov\u00e1 pyram\u00edda skuto\u010dne nem\u00e1 obdobu.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Jej steny zdobia symboly hinduistickej viery<\/strong>, ktor\u00e1 bola v tej dobe dominantnou n\u00e1bo\u017eenskou vierou v regi\u00f3ne.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Technick\u00fd z\u00e1zrak<\/h3>\n<p>Jedn\u00fdm z v\u00fdnimo\u010dn\u00fdch aspektov chr\u00e1mu Prang je jeho kamenn\u00e1 architekt\u00fara.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Kamenn\u00e9 bloky, ktor\u00e9 boli pou\u017eit\u00e9 na kon\u0161trukciu, boli ve\u013emi starostlivo opracovan\u00e9 a dokonale zladen\u00e9<\/strong>, \u010do je typick\u00e9 pre Kmersk\u00fa architekt\u00faru.<\/p>\n<p>Ich spracovanie je technick\u00fdm z\u00e1zrakom toho \u010dasu.<\/p>\n<p>Na mieste je v\u0161ak<strong> ponechan\u00fdch len ve\u013emi m\u00e1lo kr\u00e1snych s\u00f4ch<\/strong>, ktor\u00e9 boli v priebehu rokov vydrancovan\u00e9 alebo umiestnen\u00e9 v m\u00faze\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n<p>Koh Ker je nezvy\u010dajn\u00e1 destin\u00e1cia, o ktorej ve\u013ea turistov nevie.<\/p>\n<p>Na ostrove Koh Ker m\u00f4\u017eete presk\u00fama\u0165 nieko\u013eko ru\u00edn chr\u00e1mov, \u010do z neho rob\u00ed <strong>ide\u00e1lnu destin\u00e1ciu pre milovn\u00edkov hist\u00f3rie.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Vedeli ste?<\/h3>\n<p><em>Chr\u00e1mov\u00fd komplex bol kedysi<strong> posiaty n\u00e1\u0161\u013eapn\u00fdmi m\u00ednami a len ned\u00e1vno bol otvoren\u00fd pre verejnos\u0165.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Zikkurat Ur \u2013 Irak<\/h3>\n<p>Zikkurat Ur je p\u00fdchou a symbolom starod\u00e1vneho mesta Ur v Mezopot\u00e1mii, <strong>nach\u00e1dzaj\u00faceho sa na \u00fazem\u00ed dne\u0161n\u00e9ho Iraku. <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Je to monument\u00e1lna pyram\u00eddov\u00e1 stavba, ktor\u00e1 predstavuje <strong>jedno z najv\u00fdznamnej\u0161\u00edch architektonick\u00fdch diel starovek\u00e9ho sveta.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Prv\u00fdkr\u00e1t ho postavil v 21. storo\u010d\u00ed pred Kristom kr\u00e1\u013e Shulgi a nesk\u00f4r ho v 6. storo\u010d\u00ed pred Kristom zrekon\u0161truoval kr\u00e1\u013e Nabonidus.<\/p>\n<p>Zikkurat bol srdcom Ur, v\u00fdznamn\u00e9ho obchodn\u00e9ho a kult\u00farneho centra, ktor\u00e9 v tom \u010dase prosperovalo.<\/p>\n<p>V <strong>20. storo\u010d\u00ed ho op\u00e4\u0165 prestaval Sadd\u00e1m Husajn.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Vizu\u00e1lny z\u00e1zrak<\/h3>\n<p>Stavba je charakteristick\u00e1 svojou stup\u0148ovitou kon\u0161trukciou, pri\u010dom ka\u017ed\u00e1 \u00farove\u0148 je men\u0161ia ako t\u00e1 predch\u00e1dzaj\u00faca.<\/p>\n<p>Toto geometrick\u00e9 usporiadanie z nej rob\u00ed hotov\u00fd vizu\u00e1lny z\u00e1zrak.<\/p>\n<p>Tento mas\u00edvny chr\u00e1m &#8211; stup\u0148ovit\u00e1 pyram\u00edda &#8211; kedysi meral na d\u013a\u017eku 64 metrov, bol 45 metrov \u0161irok\u00fd a viac ako 30 metrov vysok\u00fd, hoci medzi odborn\u00edkmi st\u00e1le panuj\u00fa o jeho v\u00fd\u0161ke nezhody, preto\u017ee <strong>z p\u00f4vodnej stavby zostali zachovan\u00e9 iba z\u00e1klady.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Najd\u00f4le\u017eitej\u0161ou \u010das\u0165ou zikkuratu v Ur bol chr\u00e1m Nanna na jeho vrchole<\/strong>, ten v\u0161ak nepre\u017eil.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Na\u0161lo sa nieko\u013eko modr\u00fdch glazovan\u00fdch teh\u00e1l, o ktor\u00fdch sa predpoklad\u00e1, \u017ee boli s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou<\/strong> v\u00fdzdoby chr\u00e1mu.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Na \u010do zikkurat sl\u00fa\u017eil<\/h3>\n<p>V starod\u00e1vnej Mezopot\u00e1mii, zikkurat predstavoval <strong>spojenie medzi zemou a nebom, miesto, kde sa verilo, \u017ee bohovia zostupovali na zem<\/strong> a kontaktovali \u013eud\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Boli to<strong> d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9 stredisk\u00e1, miesta modlitieb, obet\u00ed a duchovn\u00e9ho stretnutia<\/strong> s bo\u017estvami.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>V pokra\u010dovan\u00ed \u010dl\u00e1nku sa m\u00f4\u017eete te\u0161i\u0165 na \u010fal\u0161ie dychber\u00face pyram\u00eddy.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Pyram\u00eddy s\u00fa jedn\u00fdmi z najtajomnej\u0161\u00edch a najzauj\u00edmavej\u0161\u00edch stavebn\u00fdch diel starod\u00e1vnej civiliz\u00e1cie. Ich monumentalita, geometria a in\u017einierske zru\u010dnosti s\u00fa dodnes \u00fa\u017easom pre archeol\u00f3gov a vedcov z<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8492","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-archiv","two-columns"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8492","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8492"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8492\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8492"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8492"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8492"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}