{"id":8527,"date":"2023-11-01T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2023-10-31T23:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/uncategorized\/nova-vrstva-marsu\/"},"modified":"2023-11-01T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2023-10-31T23:00:00","slug":"nova-vrstva-marsu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/archiv\/nova-vrstva-marsu\/","title":{"rendered":"Nov\u00e1 vrstva Marsu bola objaven\u00e1 a\u017e dvomi \u0161t\u00fadiami. Mo\u017eno ovplyvnila v\u00fdskyt vody na plan\u00e9te"},"content":{"rendered":"

Vesm\u00edrne preteky sa s\u00edce skon\u010dili prist\u00e1t\u00edm prvej \u013eudskej pos\u00e1dky na povrch Mesiaca, no ne\u0161lo o\u00a0jedin\u00e9 vesm\u00edrne teleso, ktor\u00e9 sa sna\u017eili dobi\u0165<\/strong>. E\u0161te v\u00a0j\u00fali 1976 sa podarilo na povrch Marsu dosta\u0165 sondu Viking 1, ktor\u00e1 mapovala plan\u00e9tu a\u017e do novembra 1982.<\/p>\n

Ukon\u010denie vesm\u00edrnych pretekov v\u0161ak neznamenali, \u017ee vedci prestan\u00fa sk\u00fama\u0165 \u010derven\u00fa plan\u00e9tu. V\u00a0s\u00fa\u010dasnosti z\u00e1ujem \u0161irokej verejnosti o\u00a0t\u00fa plan\u00e9tu narast\u00e1, preto\u017ee vesm\u00edrne agent\u00fary ju pl\u00e1nuj\u00fa kolonizova\u0165<\/strong> v\u00a0nasleduj\u00facich desa\u0165ro\u010diach<\/strong>, o\u00a0\u010dom sme v\u00e1s informovali v\u00a0na\u0161om predch\u00e1dzaj\u00facom \u010dl\u00e1nku.<\/p>\n

V\u00a0roku 2018 jedna z\u00a0t\u00fdchto agent\u00far \u2013 NASA \u2013 \u00faspe\u0161ne dostala na Mars sondu so seizmometrom po\u010das misie InSight<\/strong>. Pomocou tohto zariadenia chcela agent\u00fara \u201enahliadnu\u0165\u201c do vn\u00fatra plan\u00e9ty, \u010d\u00edm chceli zisti\u0165 jej zlo\u017eenie.<\/p>\n

T\u00e1to misia ofici\u00e1lne skon\u010dila e\u0161te v\u00a0decembri minul\u00e9ho roku po viac ne\u017e \u0161tyroch rokoch. Sol\u00e1rne panely, ktor\u00e9 ho poh\u00e1\u0148ali s\u00fa pokryt\u00e9 prachom, \u010do znamen\u00e1, \u017ee nedok\u00e1\u017ee \u010falej fungova\u0165. Av\u0161ak d\u00e1ta, ktor\u00e9 zaslal sp\u00e4\u0165 na Zem n\u00e1m pomohli pr\u00eds\u0165 na nov\u00e9 objavy o\u00a0jadre Marsu<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

V\u00fdsledky, ktor\u00e9 ned\u00e1vali zmysel<\/h3>\n

Tri roky po \u00faspe\u0161nom pristan\u00ed sondy, pri\u0161li vedci so \u0161t\u00fadiou, ktor\u00e1 zodpovedala tieto ot\u00e1zky. Port\u00e1l Space.com informuje o\u00a0\u0161t\u00fadii z\u00a0roku 2021, ktor\u00e1 tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee priemer jadra tejto plan\u00e9ty je pribli\u017ene 3600 kilometrov alebo \u201easi polovicu priemeru plan\u00e9ty\u201c<\/em> ako povedal planet\u00e1rny vedec Amir Khan zo \u0160vaj\u010diarskeho feder\u00e1lneho technologick\u00e9ho in\u0161tit\u00fatu v Z\u00fcrichu.<\/p>\n Jadro plan\u00e9ty Zem m\u00e1 pribli\u017ene 7-tis\u00edc kilometrov. Zdroj: pexels.com\/@spacex\n

T\u00e1to inform\u00e1cia v\u0161ak zarazila vedeck\u00fa obec, preto\u017ee sa o\u010dak\u00e1valo, \u017ee priemer jadra bude men\u0161\u00ed. S\u00a0jeho ve\u013ekos\u0165ou v\u0161ak s\u00favis\u00ed aj \u010fal\u0161\u00ed parameter, a\u00a0to jeho hustota<\/strong>. T\u00e1 mala by\u0165 v\u00a0porovnan\u00ed s\u00a0na\u0161ou plan\u00e9tou omnoho ni\u017e\u0161ia<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Pod\u013ea vtedaj\u0161\u00edch zisten\u00ed by za to mohlo jeho zlo\u017eenie. O\u010dak\u00e1valo sa, \u017ee by mohlo by\u0165 zlo\u017een\u00e9 z\u00a0roztaven\u00e9ho \u017eeleza a\u00a0\u013eahk\u00fdch prvkov<\/strong>, ak\u00fdmi s\u00fa s\u00edra, uhl\u00edk, kysl\u00edk alebo vod\u00edk. Tieto \u013eah\u0161ie prvky mali tvori\u0165 a\u017e 20 % celkovej hmotnosti jadra. „To u\u017e je jednoducho prive\u013ea,“<\/em> skon\u0161tatoval Khan.<\/p>\n

Dvojica nov\u00fdch \u0161t\u00fadi\u00ed<\/h3>\n

V\u00fdsledky predch\u00e1dzaj\u00faceho v\u00fdskumu v\u0161ak nie s\u00fa spr\u00e1vne. Upozornili na to dva nez\u00e1visl\u00e9 vedeck\u00e9 t\u00edmy, ktor\u00e9 publikovali svoje \u0161t\u00fadie vo vedeckom \u010dasopise Nature. Pri svojom sk\u00faman\u00ed pou\u017eili d\u00e1ta, ktor\u00e9 vtedy nemali k\u00a0dispoz\u00edcii<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Iba p\u00e1r mesiacov po publikovan\u00ed p\u00f4vodnej \u0161t\u00fadie, dopadol na Mars meteorit. Miesto dopadu sa nach\u00e1dza na opa\u010dnej strane plan\u00e9ty ne\u017e poz\u00edcia sondy<\/strong>. Seizmick\u00e9 vlny, ktor\u00e9 vznikli dopadom sa za\u010dali pohybova\u0165 naprie\u010d plan\u00e9tou vr\u00e1tane jadra, \u010do im umo\u017enili z\u00edska\u0165 lep\u0161ie d\u00e1ta.<\/p>\n

Medzi jadrom a pl\u00e1\u0161\u0165om plan\u00e9ty na\u0161li e\u0161te jednu vrstvu, o ktorej doteraz nikto nevedel. Nov\u00fd objav dokazuje, \u017ee jadro Marsu je men\u0161ie a hustej\u0161ie ne\u017e uviedla predch\u00e1dzaj\u00faca publik\u00e1cia<\/strong>. Spom\u00ednan\u00e9 \u0161t\u00fadie sa zhoduj\u00fa na tom, \u017ee t\u00fato vrstvu tvor\u00ed roztaven\u00e1 hornina, respekt\u00edve kremi\u010ditany.<\/p>\n \u0160t\u00fadie sa rozch\u00e1dzaj\u00fa na ve\u013ekosti jadra. Jedna tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee jeho polomer m\u00e1 1650 kilometrov, druh\u00e1 a\u017e 1675 kilometrov. Zdroj: unsplash.com\/@planetvolumes\n

Khan, ktor\u00fd odpovedal pre Space.com, zhodnotil nov\u00e9 \u0161t\u00fadie takto: \u201eDovtedy sme nemali tieto d\u00e1ta na presk\u00famanie. V\u010faka nim sme z\u00edskali \u00faplne nov\u00fd obraz vn\u00fatra Marsu, najm\u00e4 hlbok\u00fdch \u0161trukt\u00far, ktor\u00e9 sme predt\u00fdm nemohli objasni\u0165.\u201c<\/em><\/p>\n

D\u00f4sledky vrstvy na plan\u00e9tu<\/h3>\n

Ve\u013ekos\u0165, hustotu a\u00a0zlo\u017eenie jadra m\u00f4\u017eeme pova\u017eova\u0165 za z\u00e1kladn\u00e9 inform\u00e1cie o\u00a0plan\u00e9te, \u010do v\u0161ak nezmen\u0161uje ve\u013ekos\u0165 tohto objavu. Av\u0161ak z\u00a0t\u00fdchto vypl\u00fdvaj\u00fa aj \u010fal\u0161ie, podstatne zauj\u00edmavej\u0161ie, inform\u00e1cie o\u00a0jej minulosti a\u00a0s\u00fa\u010dasnosti<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Profesor geol\u00f3gie na\u00a0University of \u00a0Maryland a\u00a0spoluautor jednej z\u00a0publik\u00e1ci\u00ed Vedran Lekic prirovnal novoobjaven\u00fa vrstvu k \u201evyhrievacej prikr\u00fdvke,\u201c<\/em> o\u00a0\u010dom informuje port\u00e1l ScienceDaily. Svoje tvrdenie vysvetlil takto: \u201ePrikr\u00fdvka nielen\u017ee izoluje teplo vych\u00e1dzaj\u00face z jadra a zabra\u0148uje jeho ochladzovaniu, ale tie\u017e koncentruje r\u00e1dioakt\u00edvne prvky, ktor\u00fdch rozpad generuje teplo.\u201c<\/em><\/p>\n

Z\u00a0toho vypl\u00fdva, \u017ee novoobjaven\u00e1 vrstva m\u00f4\u017ee br\u00e1ni\u0165 vzniku magnetick\u00e9ho po\u013ea okolo plan\u00e9ty. Lekic \u010falej vysvetlil, \u017ee\u00a0 jadro kv\u00f4li tejto vrstve nedok\u00e1\u017ee vytv\u00e1ra\u0165 konvek\u010dn\u00e9 pohyby, kv\u00f4li \u010domu nem\u00f4\u017ee vznikn\u00fa\u0165 spom\u00ednan\u00e9 pole, ktor\u00e9 by chr\u00e1nilo plan\u00e9tu<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Plan\u00e9ty, ktor\u00e9 nemaj\u00fa magnetick\u00e9 polia s\u00fa mimoriadne zranite\u013en\u00e9 vo\u010di prudk\u00e9mu slne\u010dn\u00e9mu vetru. V\u00a0jeho d\u00f4sledku by plan\u00e9ta stratila v\u0161etku vodu, \u010do by zabr\u00e1nilo \u010fal\u0161ej existencii \u017eivota na nej<\/strong>. To m\u00f4\u017ee nazna\u010dova\u0165, \u017ee na povrchu Marsu mohla kedysi existova\u0165 voda.<\/p>\n

Pod\u013ea Henriho Samuela, ktor\u00fd sa vyjadril pre port\u00e1l Space.com, nov\u00fd objav znamen\u00e1, \u017ee \u201esa mus\u00edme vr\u00e1ti\u0165 k op\u00e4tovnej anal\u00fdze a interpret\u00e1cii \u0161tvorro\u010dn\u00e9ho seizmick\u00e9ho z\u00e1znamu a v\u0161etk\u00fdch ostatn\u00fdch geofyzik\u00e1lnych pozorovan\u00ed vo svetle tejto novej my\u0161lienky.\u201c<\/em><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Vesm\u00edrne preteky sa s\u00edce skon\u010dili prist\u00e1t\u00edm prvej \u013eudskej pos\u00e1dky na povrch Mesiaca, no ne\u0161lo o\u00a0jedin\u00e9 vesm\u00edrne teleso, ktor\u00e9 sa sna\u017eili dobi\u0165. E\u0161te v\u00a0j\u00fali 1976 sa<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8527","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-archiv","two-columns"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8527","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8527"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8527\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8527"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8527"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8527"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}