\u013dudsk\u00e1 myse\u013e je pre mnoh\u00fdch z\u00a0n\u00e1s ve\u013ekou z\u00e1hadou, najm\u00e4 v\u00a0situ\u00e1ci\u00e1ch, ke\u010f sa s\u00a0nami zahr\u00e1va. Nie\u010do, \u010do sme nikdy neza\u017eili, teda aspo\u0148 si to mysl\u00edme, sa n\u00e1m zd\u00e1 zn\u00e1me a\u00a0m\u00e1me pocit, \u017ee sme tak\u00fato situ\u00e1ciu u\u017e za\u017eili. Naopak, niekedy nepozn\u00e1vame miesta a tv\u00e1re, ktor\u00e9 n\u00e1m predt\u00fdm boli d\u00f4verne zn\u00e1me. \u010co to na n\u00e1s na\u0161a myse\u013e \u201esk\u00fa\u0161a\u201c? A\u00a0\u010do to m\u00e1 cel\u00e9 znamena\u0165?<\/p>\n
Opakovanie m\u00f4\u017ee vytv\u00e1ra\u0165 v\u00a0na\u0161ej mysli zvl\u00e1\u0161tne javy. D\u00e9j\u00e0 vu<\/em> je term\u00edn, ktor\u00fd sa pou\u017e\u00edva na pomenovanie z\u00e1\u017eitku, v ktorom m\u00e1te pocit, \u017ee dan\u00e1 situ\u00e1cia, udalos\u0165 alebo miesto, ktor\u00e9 pr\u00e1ve za\u017e\u00edvate, v\u00e1m s\u00fa ve\u013emi dobre zn\u00e1me<\/strong>. Mysl\u00edte si, \u017ee dan\u00e1 situ\u00e1cia sa v\u00e1m u\u017e stala, alebo ste ju u\u017e niekde videli. Zauj\u00edmav\u00e9 na celej tejto situ\u00e1cii je najm\u00e4 to, \u017ee nem\u00e1te \u017eiadne konkr\u00e9tne spomienky na tak\u00fato udalos\u0165<\/strong>. Jednoducho sa v\u00e1m len zd\u00e1, \u017ee ste nie\u010do podobne za\u017eili, len neviete kedy ani kde.<\/p>\n Mylne sa domnievate, \u017ee ste t\u00fato nov\u00fa situ\u00e1ciu za\u017eili niekedy v minulosti, \u010do vo v\u00e1s vyvol\u00e1va nepr\u00edjemn\u00e9 pocity a strach. Pod\u013ea port\u00e1lu Science alert<\/strong> je ale d\u00e9j\u00e0 vu <\/em>v\u00a0skuto\u010dnosti okno do fungovania n\u00e1\u0161ho pam\u00e4\u0165ov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu<\/strong>. Tento jav vznik\u00e1 vtedy, ke\u010f sa \u010das\u0165 mozgu, ktor\u00e1 deteguje zn\u00e1mos\u0165, desynchronizuje s\u00a0realitou. \u00a0D\u00e9j\u00e0 vu<\/em> je teda sign\u00e1l, ktor\u00fd n\u00e1s upozorn\u00ed na t\u00fato zvl\u00e1\u0161tnos\u0165. Je to \u201ekontrola faktov\u201c pre pam\u00e4\u0165ov\u00fd syst\u00e9m<\/strong>.<\/p>\n Opakovanie v\u0161ak m\u00f4\u017ee zapr\u00ed\u010dini\u0165 nie\u010do e\u0161te podivnej\u0161ie a\u00a0nezvy\u010dajnej\u0161ie<\/strong>. Jamais vu <\/em>sa pou\u017e\u00edva na ozna\u010denie opa\u010dn\u00e9ho fenom\u00e9nu ako d\u00e9j\u00e0 vu<\/em>. Toto slovn\u00e9 spojenie poch\u00e1dza z\u00a0franc\u00faz\u0161tiny a\u00a0mohli by sme ho prelo\u017ei\u0165 ako \u201enikdy neviden\u00e9\u201c. Pri tomto jave m\u00e1te pocit, \u017ee nie\u010do, \u010do by v\u00e1m malo by\u0165 zn\u00e1me, sa v\u00e1m v\u00a0danom momente jav\u00ed ako nie\u010do cudzie<\/strong>. V\u00fdskumn\u00edci Akira O\u2019Connor, Christopher Moulin a\u00a0\u010fal\u0161\u00ed dostali za v\u00fdskum<\/strong>, v ktorom sk\u00famali mechanizmy tohto javu Ig Nobelovu cenu za literat\u00faru<\/strong> (americk\u00e9 ocenenie paroduj\u00face Nobelovu cenu).<\/p>\n V\u00fdskumn\u00edci tvrdia, \u017ee jamais vu<\/em> sa m\u00f4\u017ee prejavi\u0165 napr\u00edklad tak, \u017ee tv\u00e1r, ktor\u00fa d\u00f4verne pozn\u00e1me, zrazu vn\u00edmame ako nezn\u00e1mu a\u00a0cudziu<\/strong>. Tento fenom\u00e9n sa st\u00e1va aj hudobn\u00edkom, ktor\u00ed po\u010das vyst\u00fapenia zabudn\u00fa najzn\u00e1mej\u0161iu pas\u00e1\u017e piesne. A\u00a0mo\u017eno sa to stalo aj pr\u00e1ve v\u00e1m. Ocitli ste sa na mieste, kde ste boli u\u017e mnohokr\u00e1t. Zrazu sa v\u00e1m v\u0161ak zdalo nezn\u00e1me, preto\u017ee ste sa na\u0148 pozerali \u201enov\u00fdmi o\u010dami\u201c. Je to z\u00e1\u017eitok, ktor\u00fd je e\u0161te zriedkavej\u0161\u00ed a\u00a0nezvy\u010dajnej\u0161\u00ed ako d\u00e9j\u00e0 vu<\/em>. Tak \u010do, stalo sa to aj v\u00e1m?<\/p>\n Tento fenom\u00e9n m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 spojen\u00fd s r\u00f4znymi faktormi, vr\u00e1tane \u00fanavy, stresu alebo neurotick\u00fdch stavov. D\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 je uvedomi\u0165 si, \u017ee jamais vu<\/em> nie je tak \u0161iroko diskutovan\u00fd alebo sk\u00faman\u00fd jav ako d\u00e9j\u00e0 vu<\/em>, a preto nie s\u00fa dostato\u010dn\u00e9 vedeck\u00e9 d\u00f4kazy na to, aby sme mohli poskytn\u00fa\u0165 \u00fapln\u00e9 a presn\u00e9 vysvetlenie jeho pr\u00ed\u010din.<\/p>\n V\u00fdskumn\u00edci preto vymysleli experiment, ktor\u00fd otestovali na vzorke 94 vysoko\u0161kol\u00e1kov. \u0160tudenti dostali za \u00falohu dookola p\u00edsa\u0165 tie ist\u00e9 slov\u00e1<\/strong>. Na v\u00fdber bolo dvan\u00e1s\u0165 r\u00f4znych slov, niektor\u00e9 ve\u013emi be\u017en\u00e9 napr. slovo dvere, in\u00e9 zase menej pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 napr. tr\u00e1vnik. K\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00e9 bolo p\u00edsa\u0165 tieto slov\u00e1 \u010do najr\u00fdchlej\u0161ie<\/strong>. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 dostali povolenie kedyko\u013evek skon\u010di\u0165 s\u00a0p\u00edsan\u00edm, museli v\u0161ak uviez\u0165 jeden z\u00a0d\u00f4vodov, pre\u010do sa tak rozhodli<\/strong>. Uveden\u00e9 d\u00f4vody boli napr\u00edklad: Boles\u0165 ruky; pocit zvl\u00e1\u0161tnosti, podivnosti; nuda.<\/p>\n V\u00fdsledkom experimentu bolo, \u017ee 70 % \u0161tudentov sa aspo\u0148 raz zastavilo, pr\u00e1ve kv\u00f4li pocitu, ktor\u00fd v\u00fdskumn\u00edci zadefinovali ako jamais vu<\/em><\/strong>. Zvy\u010dajne k\u00a0tomu do\u0161lo po jednej min\u00fate (33 opakovan\u00ed), pri p\u00edsan\u00ed \u010dasto pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch slov a\u00a0najm\u00e4 z\u00a0d\u00f4vodu, \u017ee sa c\u00edtili zvl\u00e1\u0161tne.<\/p>\n Sk\u00faste dookola p\u00edsa\u0165 to ist\u00e9 slovo a zamyslite sa nad t\u00fdm, ak\u00e9 pocity to vo v\u00e1s vyvol\u00e1va. ZDROJ: S\u00e1ra Horeli\u010danov\u00e1\n Pr\u00e1ve \u010dlen \u201ethe\u201c v\u00fdskumn\u00edci vyu\u017eili preto, \u017ee sa v\u00a0anglickom jazyku jav\u00ed ako jeden z\u00a0najpou\u017e\u00edvanej\u0161\u00edch. Tentokr\u00e1t prestalo p\u00edsa\u0165 55 % \u013eud\u00ed z\u00a0d\u00f4vodu, ktor\u00fd sa zhodoval s\u00a0defin\u00edciou fenom\u00e9nu jamais vu<\/em><\/strong> (ale po 27 opakovaniach). Po skon\u010den\u00ed experimentu \u013eudia v\u00fdskumn\u00edkom opisovali svoje pocity a\u00a0dojmy. Niektor\u00ed sa vyjadrili napr\u00edklad takto: \u010c\u00edm viac sa na slov\u00e1 pozer\u00e1te, t\u00fdm viac str\u00e1caj\u00fa svoj v\u00fdznam; Akoby som stratil kontrolu nad svojou rukou; Mal som pocit, akoby to, \u010do p\u00ed\u0161em v\u00a0skuto\u010dnosti nebolo slovo, ale niekto ma len oklamal, aby som si to myslel.<\/p>\n V\u00fdskumn\u00edkom trvalo pribli\u017ene 15 rokov, k\u00fdm nap\u00edsali a\u00a0uverejnili tento v\u00fdskum. V\u00a0roku 2003 konali najm\u00e4 na z\u00e1klade domnienky, \u017ee sa \u013eudia bud\u00fa c\u00edti\u0165 zvl\u00e1\u0161tne, ke\u010f bud\u00fa musie\u0165 opakovane p\u00edsa\u0165 rovnak\u00e9 slovo<\/strong>. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 vych\u00e1dzali zo sk\u00fasenosti jedn\u00e9ho z\u00a0v\u00fdskumn\u00edkov, ktor\u00fd po\u010das \u0161t\u00fadia na strednej \u0161kole dostal trest p\u00edsa\u0165 opakovane jedno slovo. To v\u00a0\u0148om vyvolalo zvl\u00e1\u0161tny pocit, ktor\u00fd si pam\u00e4t\u00e1 dodnes<\/strong>.<\/p>\n Nebola to v\u0161ak tak\u00e1 novinka, ako si mysleli. Podobn\u00fd v\u00fdskum uskuto\u010dnila u\u017e v\u00a0roku 1907 psychologi\u010dka Margaret Floy Washburnov\u00e1<\/strong> s\u00a0jedn\u00fdm zo svojich \u0161tudentov. V\u00fdskum uk\u00e1zal \u201estratu asocia\u010dnej sily\u201c pri slov\u00e1ch, na ktor\u00e9 sa \u013eudia pozerali cca 3 min\u00faty. Slov\u00e1 sa javili zvl\u00e1\u0161tne a\u00a0\u010dasom stratili svoj v\u00fdznam.<\/p>\n K\u00a0\u010domu v\u0161ak pri tomto fenom\u00e9ne prispel s\u00fa\u010dasn\u00fd v\u00fdskum?<\/strong> V\u00fdskumn\u00edci tvrdia, \u017ee \u201eNa\u0161\u00edm jedine\u010dn\u00fdm pr\u00ednosom je my\u0161lienka, \u017ee premeny a straty v\u00fdznamu pri opakovan\u00ed s\u00fa sprev\u00e1dzan\u00e9 osobitn\u00fdm pocitom – jamais vu.<\/em>\u201c \u010ealej tvrdia, \u017ee tento fenom\u00e9n je pre n\u00e1s sign\u00e1lom, \u017ee sa nie\u010do stalo pr\u00edli\u0161 automatick\u00fdm, pr\u00edli\u0161 opakovan\u00fdm a pr\u00edli\u0161 plynul\u00fdm<\/strong>. Pocit nere\u00e1lnosti je vlastne kontrolou reality. \u201eNa\u0161e kognit\u00edvne syst\u00e9my musia zosta\u0165 flexibiln\u00e9, \u010do n\u00e1m umo\u017en\u00ed nasmerova\u0165 pozornos\u0165 tam, kde je to potrebn\u00e9, a nie sa pr\u00edli\u0161 dlho str\u00e1ca\u0165 v opakuj\u00facich sa \u00faloh\u00e1ch,<\/em>\u201c tvrdia v\u00fdskumn\u00edci.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" \u013dudsk\u00e1 myse\u013e je pre mnoh\u00fdch z\u00a0n\u00e1s ve\u013ekou z\u00e1hadou, najm\u00e4 v\u00a0situ\u00e1ci\u00e1ch, ke\u010f sa s\u00a0nami zahr\u00e1va. Nie\u010do, \u010do sme nikdy neza\u017eili, teda aspo\u0148 si to mysl\u00edme, sa<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8644","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-archiv","two-columns"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8644","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8644"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8644\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8644"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8644"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8644"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}"Jamais vu<\/em>"<\/strong><\/h3>\n
Experiment s\u00a0jamais vu<\/em><\/strong><\/h3>\n
\u010eal\u0161\u00ed experiment s \u010dlenom \u201ethe\u201c<\/strong><\/h3>\n
Trvalo to 15 rokov, no aj tak neboli prv\u00ed<\/strong><\/h3>\n