{"id":8673,"date":"2024-01-30T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2024-01-29T23:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/uncategorized\/rover-perseverance-a-helikoptera-ingenuity-su-na-marse-uz-takmer-tri-roky\/"},"modified":"2024-01-30T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2024-01-29T23:00:00","slug":"rover-perseverance-a-helikoptera-ingenuity-su-na-marse-uz-takmer-tri-roky","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/archiv\/rover-perseverance-a-helikoptera-ingenuity-su-na-marse-uz-takmer-tri-roky\/","title":{"rendered":"Rover Perseverance a helikopt\u00e9ra Ingenuity s\u00fa na Marse u\u017e takmer tri roky. Ak\u00e9 s\u00fa ich v\u00fdsledky a \u010do ich \u010dak\u00e1 v bud\u00facnosti?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u0160tart nosnej rakety Atlas V-541 zapo\u010dal planet\u00e1rnu misiu Mars 2020, prostredn\u00edctvom ktorej sa vedci z americkej agent\u00fary NASA chc\u00fa dozvedie\u0165 viac o <b>niekdaj\u0161ej ob\u00fdvate\u013enosti \u010dervenej plan\u00e9ty<\/b>. Raketa vzlietla z leteckej z\u00e1kladne Cape Canaveral na Floride e\u0161te v j\u00fali 2020.<\/p>\n<p>Sonda, ur\u010den\u00e1 na prepravu k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00fdch zariaden\u00ed na Mars, zost\u00fapila na povrch plan\u00e9ty takmer sedem mesiacov po \u0161tarte a prist\u00e1la v\u00a0kr\u00e1teri Jezero d\u0148a 18. febru\u00e1ra 2021, ako uv\u00e1dza NASA. Po potvrden\u00ed \u00faspe\u0161n\u00e9ho prist\u00e1tia mohli vesm\u00edrn<strong>y rover Perseverance a\u00a0sol\u00e1rna helikopt\u00e9ra Ingenuity<\/strong> za\u010da\u0165 svoje v\u00fdskumn\u00e9 aktivity.<\/p>\n<p>U\u017e takmer tri roky vedci z americkej agent\u00fary vykon\u00e1vaj\u00fa vedeck\u00fa \u010dinnos\u0165 prostredn\u00edctvom t\u00fdchto zariaden\u00ed a o v\u00fdsledky nie je n\u00fadza. E\u0161te v <strong>septembri 2021 z\u00edskal rover Perseverance<\/strong> prv\u00fa vzorku horniny, o \u010dom sme informovali v predch\u00e1dzaj\u00facom \u010dl\u00e1nku.<\/p>\n<p>V s\u00fa\u010dasnosti u\u017e pozbieral 26 podobn\u00fdch vzoriek, \u010do predstavuje pribli\u017ene 60,53 % z celkov\u00e9ho pl\u00e1novan\u00e9ho po\u010dtu vzoriek z Marsu. Tak\u017ee ot\u00e1zka znie, <strong>ak\u00e9 najnov\u0161ie v\u00fdsledky priniesli a \u010do na nich \u010dak\u00e1 v nadch\u00e1dzaj\u00facich rokoch?<\/strong><\/p>\n<h3>Prv\u00e1 svojho druhu<\/h3>\n<p>Predch\u00e1dzaj\u00face vesm\u00edrne misie pou\u017e\u00edvali vozidl\u00e1, ktor\u00e9 sa dr\u017eali pevne pri zemi. Av\u0161ak helikopt\u00e9ra Ingenuity vznikla ako experiment. Po prv\u00fdkr\u00e1t vzlietla 19. apr\u00edla 2021, v\u010faka \u010domu <strong>sa stala prv\u00fdm strojom, ktor\u00fd vzlietol a\u00a0lietal na inej plan\u00e9te<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Vedeck\u00fd t\u00edm, ktor\u00fd na misii pracuje, p\u00f4vodne pl\u00e1noval iba p\u00e4\u0165 testovac\u00edch letov. Ako uv\u00e1dza port\u00e1l CNN, ke\u010f\u017ee ich \u00faspe\u0161ne zvl\u00e1dla, z\u00a0experiment\u00e1lnej technol\u00f3gie sa stal <strong>plnohodnotn\u00fd leteck\u00fd prieskumn\u00edk pre rover Perseverance<\/strong>.<\/p>\n Riadite\u013e NASA Bill Nelson o Ingenuity povedal, \u017ee sa stala z\u00e1kladom pre \u010fal\u0161ie vesm\u00edrne misie. Zdroj: NASA\/JPL-Caltech\/ASU\/MSSS\n<p>Po\u010das p\u00f4sobenia na \u010dervenej plan\u00e9te vykonala viac ne\u017e 70 letov, <strong>pri\u010dom pr\u00e1ve 72. sa jej stal osudn\u00fd<\/strong>. Po\u010das posledn\u00e9ho letu, ktor\u00fd sa uskuto\u010dnil 18. janu\u00e1ra, stratila vesm\u00edrna agent\u00fara so strojom spojenie a k\u00a0op\u00e4tovn\u00e9mu nadviazaniu do\u0161lo a\u017e o\u00a0p\u00e1r dn\u00ed, informuje Teraz.sk.<\/p>\n<p>\u201eHistorick\u00e1 p\u00fa\u0165 Ingenuity, prv\u00e9ho lietaj\u00faceho stroja na inej plan\u00e9te, sa skon\u010dila,&#8220; uviedol riadite\u013e NASA Bill Nelson. Z\u00e1bery z posledn\u00e9ho letu toti\u017e nazna\u010duj\u00fa, \u017ee sa <strong>po\u0161kodil \u201ejeden alebo viac\u201c listov rotora<\/strong>, kv\u00f4li \u010domu u\u017e nedok\u00e1\u017ee \u010falej lieta\u0165.<\/p>\n<h3>Doteraz nepotvrden\u00e9 usadeniny<\/h3>\n<p>Vedci sa e\u0161te pred za\u010dat\u00edm misie domnievali, \u017ee v\u00a0kr\u00e1teri Jezero sa v\u00a0minulosti mohla nach\u00e1dza\u0165 voda. Nov\u00e1 \u0161t\u00fadia, ktor\u00fa v\u00fdskumn\u00edci uverejnili vo vedeckom \u010dasopise Science Advances, poukazuje na <strong>vrstvy usaden\u00edn patriace niekdaj\u0161iemu jazeru<\/strong>, ktor\u00e9 vyschlo.<\/p>\n<p>Hlavn\u00fd autor \u0161t\u00fadie David Paige tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee z\u00a0obe\u017enej dr\u00e1hy plan\u00e9ty vidia r\u00f4zne lo\u017eisk\u00e1, no na to, \u201eaby zistili ako tieto veci vznikli, musia vidie\u0165 pod povrch\u201c. S\u00a0t\u00fdm im pomohlo pr\u00e1ve vesm\u00edrne vozidlo Perseverance, respekt\u00edve <strong>h\u013abkov\u00fd radar RIMFAX<\/strong>, ktor\u00fdm je vybaven\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>Toto zariadenie vysiela <strong>ka\u017ed\u00fdch 10 centimetrov radarov\u00e9 impulzy, v\u010faka ktor\u00fdm dok\u00e1zal zmapova\u0165 a\u017e 20 metrov pod povrch kr\u00e1teru<\/strong>, o \u010dom informuje port\u00e1l Live Science. Nov\u00e1 radarov\u00e1 mapa nazna\u010duje, \u017ee usadeniny sem priniesla rieka a nesk\u00f4r sa usadili a zvetrali v dvoch r\u00f4znych f\u00e1zach er\u00f3zie, podobne ako sa to deje na na\u0161ej plan\u00e9te Zem.<\/p>\n<p><iframe title=\"Mission Overview: NASA&#039;s Perseverance Mars Rover\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/5qqsMjy8Rx0?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u201eZmeny, ktor\u00e9 vid\u00edme zachovan\u00e9 v horninovom z\u00e1zname, s\u00fa sp\u00f4soben\u00e9 rozsiahlymi zmenami v mar\u0165anskom prostred\u00ed,\u201c <\/em><\/strong>povedal Paige a pokra\u010doval,\u00a0<strong><em>\u201eje skvel\u00e9, \u017ee m\u00f4\u017eeme vidie\u0165 to\u013eko d\u00f4kazov o zmen\u00e1ch na takej malej geografickej ploche, \u010do n\u00e1m umo\u017e\u0148uje roz\u0161\u00edri\u0165 na\u0161e zistenia na mierku cel\u00e9ho kr\u00e1tera.\u201c<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Vozidlo misie InSight americkej agent\u00fary zase zohralo k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00fa \u00falohu pri zisten\u00ed, \u017ee Mars m\u00e1 o\u00a0vrstvu viac ne\u017e vedci p\u00f4vodne mysleli. Ako sme v\u00e1s informovali v\u00a0predch\u00e1dzaj\u00facom \u010dl\u00e1nku, sa sklad\u00e1 z\u00a0<strong>roztavenej horniny, respekt\u00edve kremi\u010ditanov<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h3>Bud\u00facnos\u0165 planet\u00e1rnej misie<\/h3>\n<p>Ke\u010f\u017ee sol\u00e1rna helikopt\u00e9ra Ingenuity u\u017e nedok\u00e1\u017ee lieta\u0165, h\u013eadanie vhodn\u00fdch miest na odobratie vzorky prostredn\u00edctvom roveru, bude zlo\u017eitej\u0161ie. <strong>Av\u0161ak st\u00e1le m\u00e1 dostatok \u010dasu<\/strong>, k\u00fdm NASA a Eur\u00f3pska vesm\u00edrna agent\u00fara (ESA) zapo\u010dne misiu na navr\u00e1tenie vzoriek.<\/p>\n<p>P\u00f4vodne sa diskutovalo o tom, \u017ee najsk\u00f4r sa uskuto\u010dn\u00ed v roku 2026, no kv\u00f4li ned\u00e1vnym nezhod\u00e1m v r\u00e1mci NASA, sa misia presunula na za\u010diatok, pr\u00edpadne polovicu \u010fal\u0161ieho desa\u0165ro\u010dia. Nez\u00e1visl\u00e1 kontroln\u00e1 komisia toti\u017e zistila, \u017ee misia by vy\u0161la na <strong>8 a\u017e 11 mili\u00e1rd americk\u00fdch dol\u00e1rov<\/strong>, uv\u00e1dza Scientific American.<\/p>\n<p>P\u00f4vodn\u00fd pl\u00e1n spo\u010d\u00edval v tom, \u017ee dve helikopt\u00e9ry podobne Ingenuity pozbieraj\u00fa vzorky a nalo\u017eia ich do malej rakety. T\u00fa vystrelia na obe\u017en\u00fa dr\u00e1hu Marsu, <strong>kde by ju zachytila \u010fal\u0161ia kozmick\u00e1 lo\u010f<\/strong>, ktor\u00fa by poskytla ESA. T\u00e1 by ich bezpe\u010dne dostala na Zem.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0160tart nosnej rakety Atlas V-541 zapo\u010dal planet\u00e1rnu misiu Mars 2020, prostredn\u00edctvom ktorej sa vedci z americkej agent\u00fary NASA chc\u00fa dozvedie\u0165 viac o niekdaj\u0161ej ob\u00fdvate\u013enosti \u010dervenej<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8673","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-archiv","two-columns"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8673","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8673"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8673\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8673"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8673"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8673"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}