{"id":8677,"date":"2024-02-05T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2024-02-04T23:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/uncategorized\/ako-ziju-inuiti\/"},"modified":"2024-02-05T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2024-02-04T23:00:00","slug":"ako-ziju-inuiti","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/archiv\/ako-ziju-inuiti\/","title":{"rendered":"Ako \u017eij\u00fa Inuiti?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Inuiti s\u00fa skupina kult\u00farne a jazykovo<strong> jedine\u010dn\u00fdch domorod\u00fdch obyvate\u013eov arktick\u00fdch a subarktick\u00fdch oblast\u00ed.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Ich domoviny zah\u0155\u0148aj\u00fa Gr\u00f3nsko, arktick\u00fa Kanadu, severn\u00fa a juhoz\u00e1padn\u00fa Alja\u0161ku v Spojen\u00fdch \u0161t\u00e1toch a \u010das\u0165 \u010cukotka na \u010falekom v\u00fdchode v Rusku.<\/p>\n<p>\u0160ir\u0161ia<strong> popul\u00e1cia Inuitov sa odhaduje na viac ako 180 000.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Inuit znamen\u00e1 \u201e\u013eudia\u201c a jazyk, ktor\u00fdm hovoria, sa naz\u00fdva inuktitut, hoci existuj\u00fa region\u00e1lne dialekty, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa zn\u00e1me pod trochu in\u00fdmi n\u00e1zvami.<\/p>\n<p>Po st\u00e1ro\u010dia sa\u00a0<strong>spoliehali na svoje pr\u00edrodn\u00e9 zdroje, siln\u00fdch vodcov a inovat\u00edvne n\u00e1stroje a zru\u010dnosti<\/strong>, aby sa prisp\u00f4sobili chladn\u00e9mu a drsn\u00e9mu prostrediu arktick\u00e9ho severu.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Vyhnite sa v\u00fdrazu Eskim\u00e1k, Inuiti ho pova\u017euj\u00fa za nad\u00e1vku<\/h3>\n<p>Aj ke\u010f sa stalo be\u017en\u00e9 ozna\u010dova\u0165 Inuitov ako Eskim\u00e1kov, nie je to ich preferovan\u00e9 meno, ani to <strong>nem\u00e1 ni\u010d spolo\u010dn\u00e9 s ich kult\u00farnym dedi\u010dstvom. <\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Franc\u00fazi alebo D\u00e1ni ako prv\u00ed vymysleli fr\u00e1zu Eskim\u00e1k<\/strong> a v preklade znamen\u00e1 nie\u010do ako <strong>\u201ekonzument surov\u00e9ho m\u00e4sa\u201c. <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>V\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina modern\u00fdch<strong> Inuitov vn\u00edma slovo Eskim\u00e1k ako rasov\u00fa nad\u00e1vku. <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Preto, ak sa rozpr\u00e1vate s niek\u00fdm z kme\u0148a Inuitov, ur\u010dite sa vyhnite tomuto hanliv\u00e9mu slovu.<\/p>\n<p>Je tie\u017e d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 si uvedomi\u0165, \u017ee Inuit sa pou\u017e\u00edva v mno\u017enom \u010d\u00edsle a Inuk je v jednotnom \u010d\u00edsle.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n Mal\u00ed Inuiti s mro\u017eom. Zdroj: teachnthrive.com\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Iglu nie s\u00fa len snehov\u00e9 chatr\u010de<\/h3>\n<p>Pravdepodobne to <strong>\u010do ste si doteraz mysleli o pojme iglu, nie je tak celkom pravda<\/strong>, tu je vysvetlenie.<\/p>\n<p>Hoci niektor\u00ed Inuiti \u017eij\u00fa alebo<strong> \u017eili v kupolovit\u00fdch budov\u00e1ch, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa postaven\u00e9 takmer v\u00fdlu\u010dne zo snehu a \u013eadu<\/strong>, slovo iglu znamen\u00e1 ak\u00fdko\u013evek typ stavby, kde \u017eij\u00fa \u013eudia.<\/p>\n<p>\u010ci u\u017e teda b\u00fdvate v <strong>rodinnom dome alebo v Petr\u017ealskej gars\u00f3nke, b\u00fdvate vo vn\u00fatri iglu.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Vynaliezav\u00ed lovci<\/h3>\n<p>Tradi\u010dn\u00fdm inuitsk\u00fdm lovcom br\u00e1nili obmedzen\u00e9 pr\u00edrodn\u00e9 zdroje a teploty pod bodom mrazu, pri\u010dom <strong>\u010delili niektor\u00fdm z najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00edch a najsmrte\u013enej\u0161\u00edch m\u00e4so\u017eravcov na plan\u00e9te. <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Napriek t\u00fdmto v\u00fdzvam boli Inuiti d\u00f4myseln\u00ed v metodol\u00f3gii a vyn\u00e1lezoch.<\/p>\n<p>Lovci ob\u017eivy sa na\u010falej spoliehaj\u00fa na arktick\u00e9 zvierat\u00e1 ako na jedlo, tak aj na oble\u010denie.<\/p>\n<p>Zo v\u0161etk\u00fdch loven\u00fdch zvierat, vr\u00e1tane tule\u0148ov, mro\u017eov, vlkov a r\u00f4znych r\u00fdb, bol<strong> \u013eadov\u00fd medve\u010f, naz\u00fdvan\u00fd Nanook alebo Nanuq, najviac uctievan\u00fd a ob\u00e1van\u00fd.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>\u0160\u00fachanie nosov nie je inuitsk\u00e1 forma bozk\u00e1vania<\/h3>\n<p>V\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina \u013eud\u00ed pozn\u00e1 fr\u00e1zu \u201eeskim\u00e1cky bozk\u201c, ktor\u00e1 znamen\u00e1, <strong>bozk\u00e1vanie sa formou \u0161\u00fachania si nosov.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>V skuto\u010dnosti<strong> nejde o \u017eiadnu romantiku ani sexu\u00e1lny podt\u00f3n.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Je to \u0161pecifick\u00fd <strong>sp\u00f4sob priv\u00edtania alebo prejavu l\u00e1sky medzi Inuitmi &#8211; medzi rodinou, s\u00farodencami, \u010di priate\u013emi.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Tento bozk nie je skuto\u010dn\u00fdm bozkom na pery, ale spo\u010d\u00edva v dot\u00fdkan\u00ed alebo tren\u00ed nosov.<\/p>\n<p>Inuiti si miesto klasick\u00e9ho <strong>eur\u00f3pskeho bozk\u00e1vania navz\u00e1jom vo\u0148aj\u00fa l\u00edca a vlasy.\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n Stato\u010dn\u00e9 psie plemeno pom\u00e1ha Inuitom v presunoch ne\u013e\u00fatostnou krajinou. Zdroj: k9rl.com\n<h3>Psie z\u00e1prahy a qimmiq<\/h3>\n<p>Jazda na ps\u00edch z\u00e1prahoch bola od nepam\u00e4ti jednou z <strong>hlavn\u00fdch met\u00f3d presunu mrazivou krajinou. <\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u201eQamutik\u201c s\u00fa sane<\/strong> ur\u010den\u00e9 na prepravu \u0165a\u017ek\u00fdch n\u00e1kladov po snehu a nerovnom ter\u00e9ne.<\/p>\n<p>Sib\u00edrsky husky s\u00fa zn\u00e1mej\u0161\u00edm plemenom, zatia\u013e \u010do<strong> Inuiti vy\u0161\u013eachtili men\u0161ieho a \u0161ir\u0161ieho psa zn\u00e1meho ako qimmiq. <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Siln\u00ed a robustn\u00ed qimmiqovia dok\u00e1zali sledova\u0165 pach tule\u0148ov cez \u013ead.<\/p>\n<p>Tieto h\u00fa\u017eevnat\u00e9, zvedav\u00e9 a loj\u00e1lne psi s\u00fa pova\u017eovan\u00ed za \u010distokrvn\u00e9, ale ako <strong>plemenu im hroz\u00ed vyhynutie kv\u00f4li n\u00edzkemu po\u010dtu \u010distokrvn\u00fdch plemien.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Zimn\u00e9 festivaly<\/h3>\n<p>Inuiti si zachov\u00e1vaj\u00fa svoje kult\u00farne dedi\u010dstvo prostredn\u00edctvom zimn\u00fdch festivalov, ktor\u00e9 zah\u0155\u0148aj\u00fa <strong>tradi\u010dn\u00e9 tance, spevy a s\u00fa\u0165a\u017ee. <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Medzi ob\u013e\u00faben\u00e9 patria aj <strong>preteky na kajakoch a prehliadky inuitskej \u013eadovej architekt\u00fary.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Mno\u017estvo v\u00fdrazov pre sneh a \u013ead<\/h3>\n<p>Inuiti maj\u00fa po\u010detn\u00e9 v\u00fdrazy pre r\u00f4zne druhy snehu a \u013eadu.<\/p>\n<p>Je to dan\u00e9 t\u00fdm, v ak\u00fdch podmienkach \u017eij\u00fa a v\u010faka tomu <strong>poznaj\u00fa, a rozli\u0161uj\u00fa detailnej\u0161ie jednotliv\u00e9 formy lok\u00e1lneho po\u010dasia.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Inuitsk\u00e1 mytol\u00f3gia<\/h3>\n<p>Mytol\u00f3gia Inuitov predstavuje p\u00f4sobiv\u00e9 spletit\u00e9 pr\u00edbehy, ktor\u00e9 zrkadlia ich <strong>hlbok\u00fd vz\u0165ah s pr\u00edrodou, klimatick\u00fdmi podmienkami a duchovn\u00fdm svetom. <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>T\u00e1to mytol\u00f3gia vznikla v chladnom a drsnom arktickom prostred\u00ed, kde Inuiti \u017eili tis\u00edce rokov, preto m\u00e1 aj ur\u010dit\u00e9 <strong>\u0161pecifik\u00e1, ktor\u00e9 ju odli\u0161uj\u00fa od ostatku sveta.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Gr\u00f3nsku popul\u00e1ciu tvoria preva\u017ene Inuiti<\/h3>\n<p>V roku 2012 tvorili<strong> neuverite\u013en\u00fdch 89 percent z celkovej popul\u00e1cie Gr\u00f3nska Inuiti. <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee v tom \u010dase tam \u017eilo odhadom 51 349 Inuitov!<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Inuiti s\u00fa skupina kult\u00farne a jazykovo jedine\u010dn\u00fdch domorod\u00fdch obyvate\u013eov arktick\u00fdch a subarktick\u00fdch oblast\u00ed. Ich domoviny zah\u0155\u0148aj\u00fa Gr\u00f3nsko, arktick\u00fa Kanadu, severn\u00fa a juhoz\u00e1padn\u00fa Alja\u0161ku v Spojen\u00fdch<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8677","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-archiv","two-columns"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8677","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8677"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8677\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8677"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8677"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8677"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}