S bakt\u00e9riami tuberkul\u00f3zy sa pot\u00fdkali u\u017e na\u0161i predkovia v praveku,<\/strong> nie je to teda \u017eiadna novinka, no \u017eia\u013e je aktu\u00e1lna do dne\u0161n\u00fdch dn\u00ed.<\/p>\n Tuberkul\u00f3zu u \u013eud\u00ed mo\u017eno vysledova\u0165 do obdobia pred 9 000 rokmi v Atlit Yam, meste, ktor\u00e9 sa dnes nach\u00e1dza pod Stredozemn\u00fdm morom pri pobre\u017e\u00ed Izraela. <\/strong><\/p>\n Archeol\u00f3govia na\u0161li TBC v pozostatkoch matky a die\u0165a\u0165a pochovan\u00fdch spolo\u010dne.<\/p>\n Najstar\u0161ie p\u00edsomn\u00e9 zmienky o TBC boli v Indii<\/strong> (pred 3 300 rokmi) a \u010c\u00edne (pred 2 300 rokmi).<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Tuberkul\u00f3za sa v starovekom Gr\u00e9cku naz\u00fdvala \u201eft\u00edza\u201c, v starom R\u00edme \u201etabes\u201c a v starej hebrej\u010dine \u201eschachepheth\u201c.<\/strong><\/p>\n Hippokrates op\u00edsal ft\u00edzu ako smrte\u013en\u00fa chorobu najm\u00e4 pre mlad\u00fdch dospel\u00fdch<\/strong>, pri\u010dom presne definoval jej sympt\u00f3my a charakteristick\u00e9 tuberkul\u00f3zne p\u013e\u00facne l\u00e9zie.<\/p>\n Pod\u013ea Gr\u00e9ka Clarissimusa Galena, ktor\u00fd sa v roku 174 nl stal osobn\u00fdm lek\u00e1rom r\u00edmskeho cis\u00e1ra Marca Aurelia<\/strong>, sympt\u00f3my TBC zah\u0155\u0148aj\u00fa hor\u00fa\u010dku, potenie, ka\u0161e\u013e a krvou zafarben\u00e9 hlien<\/strong>; ako \u00faspe\u0161n\u00fa lie\u010dbu choroby odporu\u010dil \u010derstv\u00fd vzduch, mlieko a plavby po mori.<\/strong><\/p>\n Byzantsk\u00ed lek\u00e1ri Aetius z Amidy, Alexander z Tralles a Pavol z Aeginy op\u00edsali p\u013e\u00facne a \u017e\u013eazov\u00e9 formy TBC, zatia\u013e \u010do v Arabskej r\u00ed\u0161i Avicenna predpokladal n\u00e1kazliv\u00fa povahu<\/strong> TBC.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Tuberkul\u00f3zny rozpad bol n\u00e1jden\u00fd v chrbtici egyptsk\u00fdch m\u00fami\u00ed. Na obr\u00e1zku: Egyptsk\u00e1 m\u00famia v Britskom m\u00fazeu Zdroj: wikidoc.org\n <\/p>\n Po\u010das stredoveku sa TBC krku a lymfatick\u00fdch uzl\u00edn naz\u00fdvala \u201escrofula\u201c.<\/strong><\/p>\n Choroba bola v Anglicku a Franc\u00fazsku zn\u00e1ma ako \u201ekr\u00e1\u013eovsk\u00e9 zlo\u201c a v\u0161eobecne sa verilo, \u017ee postihnut\u00e9 osoby sa m\u00f4\u017eu vylie\u010di\u0165 po kr\u00e1\u013eovskom dotyku.<\/strong><\/p>\n Verilo sa, \u017ee Scrofula je in\u00e1 choroba ako TBC v p\u013e\u00facach.<\/p>\n V 12. storo\u010d\u00ed William z Malmesbury informoval o doplnkov\u00fdch lie\u010debn\u00fdch postupoch vr\u00e1tane n\u00e1v\u0161tev kr\u00e1\u013eovsk\u00fdch hrobiek, dotyku kr\u00e1\u013eov alebo pou\u017eitia mince\/inej kr\u00e1\u013eovskej podobizne ako talizmanu.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n V stredoveku navy\u0161e franc\u00fazsky chirurg Guy de Chauliac po prv\u00fd raz navrhol lie\u010debn\u00fd z\u00e1sah na vylie\u010denie \u201ekr\u00e1\u013eovsk\u00e9ho zla\u201c.<\/strong><\/p>\n Guy de Chauliac bol tie\u017e d\u00f4razne za odstr\u00e1nenie skroful\u00f3znej \u017e\u013eazy ryt\u00edm, ako to odpor\u00fa\u010dal Paul z Aeginy.<\/p>\n I\u0161lo o chirurgick\u00e9 odstr\u00e1nenie chorej \u017e\u013eazy, pri\u010dom bolo potrebn\u00e9 dba\u0165 na to, aby sa nepo\u0161kodili cievy alebo nervy, na ktor\u00e9 je kr\u010dn\u00e1 oblas\u0165 bohat\u00e1.<\/p>\n Tieto z\u00e1kroky boli viac ako rizikov\u00e9.<\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>\n Podobn\u00e9 \u010d\u00edsla sa objavili aj v Spojen\u00fdch \u0161t\u00e1toch.<\/strong><\/p>\n V roku 1700 bola TBC naz\u00fdvan\u00e1 \u201ebielym morom\u201c kv\u00f4li bledosti pacientov. <\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>\n Po\u010das up\u00edrskej paniky bolo be\u017en\u00e9 exhumova\u0165 tel\u00e1, aby sa zistilo, \u010di niektor\u00fd zo zosnul\u00fdch nie je up\u00edrom. Zdroj: history.howstuffworks.com\n Pred objaven\u00edm bakt\u00e9rie, ktor\u00e1 sp\u00f4sobuje TBC, sa predpokladalo, \u017ee choroba je dedi\u010dn\u00e1.<\/strong><\/p>\n Za\u010diatkom 19. storo\u010dia<\/strong> pri\u0161la na trh podivn\u00e1 novinka – v Novom Anglicku zavl\u00e1dla\u00a0\u201eup\u00edrska panika\u201c. <\/strong><\/p>\n Ke\u010f v meste vypukla TBC, vzniklo podozrenie, \u017ee prv\u00fd \u010dlen rodiny, ktor\u00fd zomrel na TBC, sa vr\u00e1til ako up\u00edr, aby nakazil zvy\u0161ok rodiny. <\/strong><\/p>\n Aby zastavili up\u00edrov, obyvatelia mesta vykopali podozriv\u00fd up\u00edrsky hrob a vykonali potrebn\u00fd ritu\u00e1l.<\/p>\n Podivn\u00e9 ritu\u00e1ly s\u00fa kapitola sama o sebe – fant\u00e1zia \u013eud\u00ed a absurdity, ktor\u00e9 sa diali, by boli prvotriednou in\u0161pir\u00e1ciou aj pre dne\u0161n\u00fdch filmov\u00fdch re\u017eis\u00e9rov.<\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>\n 24. marca 1882 Robert Koch<\/strong> vo svojej prezent\u00e1cii \u201eDie Aetiologie der Tuberculose\u201c na konferencii fyziologickej spolo\u010dnosti v Berl\u00edne ozn\u00e1mil svoj objav, \u017ee TBC sp\u00f4sobuje bakt\u00e9ria.<\/p>\n Objav bakt\u00e9ri\u00ed dok\u00e1zal, \u017ee TBC je infek\u010dn\u00e9 ochorenie, nie dedi\u010dn\u00e9. <\/strong><\/p>\n V roku 1905 z\u00edskal Koch Nobelovu cenu za medic\u00ednu a fyziol\u00f3giu.<\/strong><\/p>\n Dnes vieme, \u017ee TBC je infek\u010dn\u00e9 ochorenie pren\u00e1\u0161an\u00e9 vzduchom, ktor\u00e9 sa \u0161\u00edri, ke\u010f osoba s ochoren\u00edm TBC ka\u0161le, hovor\u00ed alebo spieva. <\/strong><\/p>\n Ke\u010f je \u010dloveku diagnostikovan\u00e9 ochorenie TBC, vykon\u00e1 sa kontaktn\u00e9 vy\u0161etrenie s cie\u013eom n\u00e1js\u0165 a otestova\u0165 \u013eud\u00ed (ako rodinn\u00fdch pr\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edkov), ktor\u00ed mohli by\u0165 vystaven\u00ed TBC.<\/p>\n \u013dudia s diagnostikovanou TBC alebo latentnou TBC infekciou s\u00fa potom lie\u010den\u00ed.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Od bieleho moru k tuberkul\u00f3ze S bakt\u00e9riami tuberkul\u00f3zy sa pot\u00fdkali u\u017e na\u0161i predkovia v praveku, nie je to teda \u017eiadna novinka, no \u017eia\u013e je aktu\u00e1lna<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8707","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-archiv","two-columns"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8707","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8707"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8707\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8707"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8707"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8707"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}Antika pln\u00e1 presn\u00fdch opisov choroby<\/h3>\n
Stredovek a renesancia: \u201ekr\u00e1\u013eovsk\u00e9 zlo\u201c<\/h3>\n
Oper\u00e1cie, ktor\u00e9 sa viac podobali na pitvy<\/h3>\n
Po\u010das rokov 1600-1800 v Eur\u00f3pe sp\u00f4sobila TBC 25 % v\u0161etk\u00fdch \u00famrt\u00ed<\/h3>\n
Sp\u00f4sobovali tuberkul\u00f3zu up\u00edri?<\/h3>\n
Fin\u00e1lne objav, ktor\u00fd zmenil v\u0161etko<\/h3>\n