{"id":8721,"date":"2024-03-16T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2024-03-15T23:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/uncategorized\/tokofobia-strach-z-tehotenstva-a-jeho-tichy-vplyv-na-porodnost\/"},"modified":"2024-03-16T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2024-03-15T23:00:00","slug":"tokofobia-strach-z-tehotenstva-a-jeho-tichy-vplyv-na-porodnost","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/archiv\/tokofobia-strach-z-tehotenstva-a-jeho-tichy-vplyv-na-porodnost\/","title":{"rendered":"Tokof\u00f3bia: Strach z tehotenstva a jeho tich\u00fd vplyv na p\u00f4rodnos\u0165"},"content":{"rendered":"

Pre niektor\u00e9 \u017eeny je materstvo nie\u010do, po \u010dom t\u00fa\u017eia cel\u00fd \u017eivot. Nie\u010do v\u00a0\u010dom vidia svoj \u017eivotn\u00fd zmysel a\u00a0naplnenie. A\u00a0je to v\u00a0poriadku. V\u00a0poriadku je v\u0161ak aj to, \u017ee niektor\u00e9 \u017eeny svoj osud takto nevn\u00edmaj\u00fa,\u00a0chc\u00fa od svojho \u017eivota nie\u010do in\u00e9 a\u00a0o\u00a0materstve v\u00f4bec neuva\u017euj\u00fa. S\u00fa ale aj tak\u00e9 \u017eeny, ktor\u00e9 predstavy o\u00a0tehotenstve, materstve a\u00a0p\u00f4rode desia. Tento strach v\u0161ak m\u00f4\u017ee vies\u0165 a\u017e k \u00fazkostn\u00fdm sympt\u00f3mom a\u00a0obmedzova\u0165 ich ka\u017edodenn\u00fd \u017eivot<\/strong>. In\u00fdmi slovami, m\u00f4\u017ee prer\u00e1s\u0165 k\u00a0vzniku f\u00f3bie. Viete \u010do je tokof\u00f3bia?<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u010co je to tokof\u00f3bia?<\/strong><\/h3>\n

R\u00f4zne f\u00f3bie, ktor\u00fdmi m\u00f4\u017eu \u013eudia trpie\u0165 sme si spom\u00ednali u\u017e v\u00a0predch\u00e1dzaj\u00facom \u010dl\u00e1nku. Teraz sa pok\u00fasime pribl\u00ed\u017ei\u0165 tak\u00fa, ktor\u00e1 postihuje \u017eeny. Tokof\u00f3bia je nekontrolovate\u013en\u00fd a iracion\u00e1lny strach z\u00a0tehotenstva, p\u00f4rodu alebo pr\u00edtomnosti pri p\u00f4rode<\/strong>. T\u00e1to f\u00f3bia m\u00f4\u017ee ma\u0165 r\u00f4zne pr\u00ed\u010diny, ako s\u00fa napr\u00edklad traumatick\u00e9 sk\u00fasenosti s\u00a0p\u00f4rodom, zdravotn\u00e9 probl\u00e9my alebo neistota o\u00a0vlastn\u00fdch matersk\u00fdch schopnostiach.<\/p>\n

Prim\u00e1rna a\u00a0sekund\u00e1rna tokof\u00f3bia<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Port\u00e1l Novinky.cz uv\u00e1dza, \u017ee existuj\u00fa dve podskupiny tokof\u00f3bie: prim\u00e1rna a\u00a0sekund\u00e1rna<\/strong>. Prim\u00e1rna sa objavuje u\u00a0\u017eien, ktor\u00e9 e\u0161te nikdy neboli tehotn\u00e9<\/strong> a\u00a0nikdy nerodili<\/strong>. Tokof\u00f3bia sa teda v\u00a0tomto pr\u00edpade m\u00f4\u017ee sp\u00e1ja\u0165 so strachom z\u00a0nezn\u00e1meho a s \u010fal\u0161\u00edmi f\u00f3biami, ako je napr\u00edklad strach z\u00a0bolesti, lek\u00e1rov alebo det\u00ed. Tento iracion\u00e1lny strach m\u00f4\u017eu niekedy vyvola\u0165 len nepr\u00edjemn\u00e9 sk\u00fasenosti a\u00a0z\u00e1\u017eitky in\u00fdch \u017eien. Sekund\u00e1rna tokof\u00f3bia <\/strong>sa rozv\u00edja najm\u00e4 po traumatickom z\u00e1\u017eitku, ktor\u00fdm si \u017eena pre\u0161la po\u010das tehotenstva (preru\u0161enie tehotenstva, rizikov\u00e9 tehotenstvo, p\u00f4rod m\u0155tveho die\u0165a\u0165a).<\/p>\n

Opieraj\u00fa sa aj o\u00a0v\u00fdsledky minuloro\u010dn\u00e9ho v\u00fdskumu<\/strong> uverejnen\u00e9ho v\u00a0\u010dasopise Evolution, Medicine and Public Heath. V\u00fdskumn\u00edci zistili, \u017ee p\u00f4rodnos\u0165 vo viacer\u00fdch krajin\u00e1ch kles\u00e1<\/strong>. D\u00f4vodom m\u00f4\u017ee pod\u013ea odborn\u00edkov by\u0165 pr\u00e1ve tokof\u00f3bia, ktorou napr\u00edklad v\u00a0USA trp\u00ed a\u017e 62 % \u017eien. Pod\u013ea port\u00e1lu Interez.sk touto f\u00f3biou trp\u00ed 14 % \u017eien na celkom svete.<\/p>\n

Z\u00a0v\u00fdskumu vypl\u00fdva aj, \u017ee strach m\u00f4\u017ee zah\u0155\u0148a\u0165 pochybnosti o tehotenstve a\u00a0o jeho priebehu, vyh\u00fdbanie sa sexu alebo ch\u00fdbaj\u00face puto k nenaroden\u00e9mu die\u0165a\u0165u po\u010das tehotenstva. Priemern\u00fd vek \u017eien, ktor\u00e9 sa zapojili do tohto v\u00fdskumu bol 31 rokov. Polovica zo z\u00fa\u010dastnen\u00fdch \u017eien nikdy nerodila, jedna tretina z\u00a0nich prekonala rizikov\u00e9 tehotenstvo<\/strong>. D\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 je poznamena\u0165, \u017ee tento v\u00fdskum sa uskuto\u010dnil po\u010das pand\u00e9mie COVID-19, \u010do mohlo pod\u013ea autorky \u0161t\u00fadie ovplyvni\u0165 jeho v\u00fdsledky.<\/p>\n

F\u00f3biou naj\u010dastej\u0161ie trpia \u017eeny s traumou<\/strong><\/h3>\n

\u017deny pre\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa siln\u00e9 \u00fazkostn\u00e9 stavy<\/strong>, ktor\u00e9 postupne paralyzuj\u00fa ich myse\u013e a\u00a0v\u00fdrazne ovplyv\u0148uj\u00fa ich spr\u00e1vanie. Pod\u013ea denn\u00edka SME sa t\u00e1to f\u00f3bia naj\u010dastej\u0161ie rozvinie u\u00a0\u017eien, ktor\u00e9 si pre\u0161li traumou<\/strong>. Pre\u017eili si psychick\u00e9 \u010di fyzick\u00e9 zneu\u017e\u00edvanie, maj\u00fa zn\u00ed\u017een\u00e9 sebavedomie, v\u00a0r\u00e1mci svojho soci\u00e1lneho statusu s\u00fa neist\u00e9 a\u00a0od svojho okolia nemaj\u00fa dostatok podpory. Psychologi\u010dka Hana Celu\u0161\u0148\u00e1kov\u00e1 pre SME uviedla, \u017ee aj napriek t\u00fdmto skuto\u010dnostiam \u017eeny, ktor\u00e9 trpia tokof\u00f3biou, t\u00fa\u017eia po die\u0165ati. Psychika tehotnej \u017eeny sa na o\u010dak\u00e1van\u00fa situ\u00e1ciu sna\u017e\u00ed pripravi\u0165, a preto je strach z p\u00f4rodu a tehotenstva do istej miery be\u017en\u00fd a prirodzen\u00fd. Av\u0161ak u \u017eien, ktor\u00e9 trpia toto f\u00f3biou je \u00fazkos\u0165 neznesite\u013en\u00e1 a pohlcuj\u00faca.<\/p>\n

Pod\u013ea denn\u00edka SME si tokofobi\u010dky tento strach uvedomuj\u00fa, no nevedia samy proti nemu bojova\u0165. \u010ealej uv\u00e1dza, \u017ee tento strach v\u0161ak m\u00f4\u017ee ma\u0165 aj racion\u00e1lny p\u00f4vod<\/strong>. Ako d\u00f4vody uv\u00e1dza obavy z:<\/p>\n

    \n
  • ohrozenia svojho \u017eivota, ale aj\u00a0\u017eivota die\u0165a\u0165a;<\/li>\n
  • p\u00f4rodn\u00fdch bolest\u00ed;<\/li>\n
  • poranen\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 utrpia po p\u00f4rode ony sam\u00e9, alebo ich die\u0165a;<\/li>\n
  • komplik\u00e1ci\u00ed pri p\u00f4rode, ne\u00factiv\u00e9ho spr\u00e1vania lek\u00e1rov alebo z toho, \u017ee p\u00f4rod nezvl\u00e1dnu, nebud\u00fa dobr\u00e9 matky;<\/li>\n
  • oddelenia die\u0165a\u0165a od matky a od partnera.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n Medzi pr\u00edznaky tokof\u00f3bie patr\u00ed najm\u00e4 \u00fazkos\u0165, depresia, nespavos\u0165 alebo aj probl\u00e9my s koncentr\u00e1ciou. ZDROJ: Pexels.com\n

    Ak\u00e9 s\u00fa pr\u00edznaky tokof\u00f3bie? <\/strong><\/h3>\n

    Port\u00e1l Eduworld.sk uv\u00e1dza, \u017ee aj ke\u010f je strach z\u00a0p\u00f4rodu najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00edm znakom tokof\u00f3bie, m\u00e1 aj in\u00e9 pr\u00edznaky<\/strong>. Patria medzi ne psychick\u00e9 aj fyzick\u00e9 pr\u00edznaky<\/strong>:<\/p>\n

      \n
    • z\u00e1chvaty paniky, v\u00fdkyvy n\u00e1lad;<\/li>\n
    • pr\u00edznaky depresie, strata chuti do jedla, strata libida a\u00a0z\u00e1ujmu o\u00a0ob\u013e\u00faben\u00e9 aktivity;<\/li>\n
    • nespavos\u0165 alebo no\u010dn\u00e9 mory, snaha zabr\u00e1ni\u0165 otehotneniu;<\/li>\n
    • podr\u00e1\u017edenos\u0165, \u00fazkos\u0165, \u0165a\u017ekosti s\u00a0koncentr\u00e1ciou;<\/li>\n
    • d\u00fdchavi\u010dnos\u0165, zvracanie, siln\u00e9 bolesti brucha;<\/li>\n
    • \u017eiadanie cis\u00e1rskeho rezu aj bez zdravotn\u00e9ho od\u00f4vodnenia.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      Ako lie\u010di\u0165 fokof\u00f3biu?<\/strong><\/h3>\n

      Pod\u013ea port\u00e1lu Eduworld.sk diagn\u00f3zu naj\u010dastej\u0161ie stanov\u00ed psychiater v\u00a0spolupr\u00e1ci s\u00a0in\u00fdmi odborn\u00edkmi <\/strong>(psychol\u00f3g, p\u00f4rodn\u00fd asistent, p\u00f4rodn\u00fd lek\u00e1r). \u017den\u00e1m, ktor\u00e9 trpia touto f\u00f3biou sa odpor\u00fa\u010daj\u00fa najm\u00e4 pravideln\u00e9 psychoterapie<\/strong>, v\u00a0niektor\u00fdch pr\u00edpadoch aj terapia spojen\u00e1 s\u00a0liekmi. U\u017eito\u010dn\u00e1 je aj pr\u00e1ca s\u00a0em\u00f3ciami pomocou relaxa\u010dn\u00fdch met\u00f3d a cvi\u010den\u00ed.<\/p>\n

      Pod\u013ea denn\u00edka SME je rovnako d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fd aj pr\u00edstup k\u00a0relevantn\u00fdm zdrojom a\u00a0inform\u00e1ci\u00e1m<\/strong>. Internet je pln\u00fd n\u00e1zorov, ktor\u00e9 m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 pre tak\u00e9to \u017eeny stresuj\u00face a\u00a0nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9. Odpor\u00fa\u010da sa preto nav\u0161tevova\u0165 odborne veden\u00e9 predp\u00f4rodn\u00e9 kurzy, kvalitn\u00e1 literat\u00fara pre tehotn\u00e9 \u017eeny \u010di individu\u00e1lna pr\u00edprava napr\u00edklad s\u00a0p\u00f4rodnou asistentkou.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      Pre niektor\u00e9 \u017eeny je materstvo nie\u010do, po \u010dom t\u00fa\u017eia cel\u00fd \u017eivot. Nie\u010do v\u00a0\u010dom vidia svoj \u017eivotn\u00fd zmysel a\u00a0naplnenie. A\u00a0je to v\u00a0poriadku. V\u00a0poriadku je v\u0161ak aj<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8721","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-archiv","two-columns"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8721","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8721"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8721\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8721"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8721"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8721"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}