{"id":8733,"date":"2024-03-26T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2024-03-25T23:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/uncategorized\/google-apple-meta-mozu-celit-vysokym-pokutam-kvoli-dma\/"},"modified":"2024-03-26T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2024-03-25T23:00:00","slug":"google-apple-meta-mozu-celit-vysokym-pokutam-kvoli-dma","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/archiv\/google-apple-meta-mozu-celit-vysokym-pokutam-kvoli-dma\/","title":{"rendered":"Google, Apple a Meta m\u00f4\u017eu \u010deli\u0165 vysok\u00fdm pokut\u00e1m kv\u00f4li nedodr\u017eaniu nariaden\u00ed Eur\u00f3pskej komisie"},"content":{"rendered":"

Nariadenie o\u00a0digit\u00e1lnych trhoch (DMA) vytvoren\u00e9 Eur\u00f3pskou komisiou umo\u017e\u0148uje kontrolova\u0165 a\u00a0usmer\u0148ova\u0165 p\u00f4sobenie technologick\u00fdch gigantov na \u00fazem\u00ed Eur\u00f3pskej \u00fanie. Hoci je v\u00a0platnosti len kr\u00e1tko, od 7. marca, u\u017e teraz komisia na jeho z\u00e1klade kon\u00e1<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

V\u00a0pondelok 25. marca toti\u017e zverejnila tla\u010dov\u00fa spr\u00e1vu, v\u00a0ktorej informuje o\u00a0prvotnom vy\u0161etrovan\u00ed americk\u00fdch technologick\u00fdch spolo\u010dnost\u00ed Apple, Google a\u00a0Meta<\/strong>. Tieto spolo\u010dnosti zaradila v\u00a0septembri minul\u00e9ho roku do zoznamu takzvan\u00fdch \u201estr\u00e1\u017ecov br\u00e1ny\u201c<\/em>.<\/p>\n

\u201eKomisia m\u00e1 podozrenie, \u017ee opatrenia zaveden\u00e9 t\u00fdmito str\u00e1\u017ecami pr\u00edstupu nie s\u00fa dostato\u010dn\u00e9 na to, aby \u00fa\u010dinne plnili svoje z\u00e1v\u00e4zky vypl\u00fdvaj\u00face z\u00a0DMA,\u201c<\/em> nap\u00edsali v\u00a0tla\u010dovej spr\u00e1ve. Dokopy ide o\u00a0p\u00e4\u0165 vy\u0161etrovan\u00ed<\/strong>, pri\u010dom ka\u017ed\u00e1 spolo\u010dnos\u0165 mala poru\u0161i\u0165 nariadenia v\u00a0inej veci.<\/p>\n

\u010eal\u0161ie spolo\u010dnosti, ktor\u00e9 sa nach\u00e1dzaj\u00fa na tomto zozname s\u00fa americk\u00e9 spolo\u010dnosti Microsoft a\u00a0Amazon, ako aj \u010d\u00ednska spolo\u010dnos\u0165 vlastniaca TikTok, ByteDance. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 nap\u00edsala, \u017ee v\u00a0s\u00fa\u010dasnosti zhroma\u017e\u010fuje fakty a\u00a0inform\u00e1cie, aby zistili, \u010di nariadenia neporu\u0161uje aj Amazon<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Pre\u010do ich vy\u0161etruj\u00fa?<\/h3>\n

V\u00a0prv\u00fdch dvoch pr\u00edpadoch vy\u0161etruje Eur\u00f3pska komisia spolo\u010dnos\u0165 Apple a\u00a0matersk\u00fa spolo\u010dnos\u0165 Google, Alphabet. Dvojica technologick\u00fdch firiem \u00fadajne neumo\u017e\u0148uje v\u00fdvoj\u00e1rom aplik\u00e1ci\u00ed bezplatne nasmerova\u0165 spotrebite\u013eov<\/strong> na ponuky mimo obchodov t\u00fdchto spolo\u010dnost\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Spolo\u010dnostiam vy\u010d\u00edtaj\u00fa zav\u00e1dzanie r\u00f4znych limit\u00e1ci\u00ed<\/strong>. \u201eTie okrem in\u00e9ho obmedzuj\u00fa schopnos\u0165 v\u00fdvoj\u00e1rov slobodne komunikova\u0165 a propagova\u0165 ponuky a priamo uzatv\u00e1ra\u0165 zmluvy, a to aj ukladan\u00edm r\u00f4znych poplatkov,\u201c<\/em> vysvetlila komisia v\u00a0tla\u010dovej spr\u00e1ve.<\/p>\n Opera\u010dn\u00fd syst\u00e9m iOS musel kv\u00f4li DMA povoli\u0165 s\u0165ahovanie z in\u00fdch obchodov s aplik\u00e1ciami ne\u017e z ich App Store. Zdroj: unsplash.com\/@bhaguz\n

\u010eal\u0161ie konanie zah\u00e1jili vo\u010di Alphabet, pri\u010dom sa sna\u017eia presk\u00fama\u0165, \u010di v\u00fdsledky vyh\u013ead\u00e1vania poskytovan\u00e9 spolo\u010dnos\u0165ou Google neuprednost\u0148uj\u00fa ich slu\u017eby. Za pr\u00edklad uviedli, \u017ee ich vyh\u013ead\u00e1va\u010d m\u00f4\u017ee \u010dastej\u0161ie uk\u00e1za\u0165 slu\u017ebu Google Shopping namiesto konkuren\u010dnej<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Opera\u010dn\u00fd syst\u00e9m zariaden\u00ed Apple bol dlh\u00fa dobu \u00faplne uzatvoren\u00fd a pou\u017e\u00edvatelia nemali mo\u017enos\u0165 alternat\u00edvy. Spolo\u010dnos\u0165 to s\u00edce s pr\u00edchodom nariadenia zmenila. Komisia si v\u0161ak mysl\u00ed, \u017ee sp\u00f4sobom, ktor\u00fd \u201em\u00f4\u017ee pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eom br\u00e1ni\u0165 v skuto\u010dnom uplatnen\u00ed ich v\u00fdberu slu\u017eieb<\/strong>"<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Posledn\u00fd pr\u00edpad sa zaober\u00e1 modelom financovania slu\u017eieb spolo\u010dnosti Meta \u201ezapla\u0165 alebo s\u00fahlas\u201c<\/em>. O\u00a0tejto zmene na soci\u00e1lnych sie\u0165ach Facebook a\u00a0Instagram sme v\u00e1s informovali v\u00a0minulosti. Komisia sa v\u0161ak ob\u00e1va, \u017ee bin\u00e1rna vo\u013eba nemus\u00ed poskytova\u0165 skuto\u010dn\u00fa alternat\u00edvu<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Hrozia im vysok\u00e9 sankcie<\/h3>\n

Spolo\u010dnosti zaraden\u00e9 do zoznamu str\u00e1\u017ecov pr\u00edstupu pred zaveden\u00edm nariadenia rokovali s\u00a0Eur\u00f3pskou komisiou<\/strong>. \u201eU\u017e nieko\u013eko mesiacov diskutujeme so str\u00e1\u017ecami, aby sme im pomohli prisp\u00f4sobi\u0165 sa, a u\u017e teraz vid\u00edme zmeny na trhu,\u201c<\/em> uviedol eurokomis\u00e1r Thierry Breton.<\/p>\n

Pod\u013ea jeho slov rie\u0161enia t\u00fdchto spolo\u010dnost\u00ed ich nepresved\u010dili o plnen\u00ed z\u00e1v\u00e4zkov<\/strong> vo\u010di spravodlivej\u0161iemu digit\u00e1lnemu priestoru pre eur\u00f3pskych ob\u010danov a podniky. \u201eAk by na\u0161e vy\u0161etrovanie dospelo k z\u00e1veru, \u017ee nedoch\u00e1dza k \u00fapln\u00e9mu dodr\u017eiavaniu DMA, str\u00e1\u017ecovia by mohli \u010deli\u0165 vysok\u00fdm pokut\u00e1m,\u201c<\/em> dodal Breton.<\/p>\n Eurokomis\u00e1r Breton ned\u00e1vno zakro\u010dil v pr\u00edpade, ke\u010f Apple odstr\u00e1nil v\u00fdvoj\u00e1rsky \u00fa\u010det tvorcovi hry Fortnite, Epic Games. Zdroj: unsplash.com\/@mrthetrain\n

Slov\u00e1 eurokomis\u00e1ra Bretona netreba bra\u0165 na \u013eahk\u00fa v\u00e1hu. Nedodr\u017eanie platn\u00fdch nariaden\u00ed m\u00f4\u017ee ma\u0165 za n\u00e1sledok pokutu a\u017e do v\u00fd\u0161ky 10 percent z ro\u010dn\u00e9ho obratu spolo\u010dnosti<\/strong>. Pri opakovanom poru\u0161en\u00ed sa jej v\u00fd\u0161ka m\u00f4\u017ee vy\u0161plha\u0165 a\u017e na 20 % ro\u010dn\u00e9ho obratu<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Port\u00e1l The Guardian uviedol, \u017ee ro\u010dn\u00fd obrat spolo\u010dnosti Apple v minulom roku predstavoval 383 mili\u00e1rd americk\u00fdch dol\u00e1rov<\/strong>. Spolo\u010dnosti Alphabet sa podarilo vytvori\u0165 zisk v hodnote 307 mili\u00e1rd americk\u00fdch dol\u00e1rov a spolo\u010dnosti Meta 134 mili\u00e1rd americk\u00fdch dol\u00e1rov.<\/p>\n

\u010eal\u0161ie kroky Eur\u00f3pskej komisie<\/h3>\n

Eur\u00f3pska komisia pl\u00e1nuje ukon\u010di\u0165 tieto vy\u0161etrovanie v priebehu 12 mesiacov. V pr\u00edpade, \u017ee skuto\u010dne pr\u00eddu na poru\u0161enie nariaden\u00ed, za\u010dn\u00fa vo\u010di spolo\u010dnostiam kona\u0165. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 ich bud\u00fa informova\u0165 o predbe\u017en\u00fdch zisteniach a opatreniach, ktor\u00e9 hodlaj\u00fa zavies\u0165<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Telev\u00edzii CNN sa podarilo z\u00edska\u0165 vyjadrenie spolo\u010dnost\u00ed Alphabet a\u00a0Apple. "Sme presved\u010den\u00ed, \u017ee n\u00e1\u0161 pl\u00e1n je v s\u00falade s DMA<\/strong>, a budeme na\u010falej kon\u0161trukt\u00edvne spolupracova\u0165 s Eur\u00f3pskou komisiou pri jej vy\u0161etrovan\u00ed,\u201c<\/em> uviedol Apple v\u00a0stanovisku pre telev\u00edziu.<\/p>\n

Oliver Bethell, v\u00fdkonn\u00fd riadite\u013e Google pre hospod\u00e1rsku s\u00fa\u0165a\u017e, povedal: \u201eAby sme dosiahli s\u00falad so z\u00e1konom o digit\u00e1lnych trhoch, uskuto\u010dnili sme v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 zmeny v sp\u00f4sobe fungovania na\u0161ich slu\u017eieb v Eur\u00f3pe.\u201c<\/em> Dodal, \u017ee bud\u00fa pokra\u010dova\u0165 v obhajobe svojho pr\u00edstupu<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Riadite\u013e In\u0161tit\u00fatu pre pr\u00e1vo hospod\u00e1rskej s\u00fa\u0165a\u017ee na Univerzite Heinricha Heineho v\u00a0D\u00fcsseldorfe Rupprecht Podszun pre BBC povedal, \u017ee ide o\u00a0\u201esiln\u00fd sign\u00e1l\u201c<\/em> zo strany Eur\u00f3pskej \u00fanie<\/strong>. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 upozornil na to, \u017ee v\u00a0t\u00fdchto pr\u00edpadoch m\u00e1 posledn\u00e9 slovo S\u00fadny dvor E\u00da<\/strong>.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Nariadenie o\u00a0digit\u00e1lnych trhoch (DMA) vytvoren\u00e9 Eur\u00f3pskou komisiou umo\u017e\u0148uje kontrolova\u0165 a\u00a0usmer\u0148ova\u0165 p\u00f4sobenie technologick\u00fdch gigantov na \u00fazem\u00ed Eur\u00f3pskej \u00fanie. Hoci je v\u00a0platnosti len kr\u00e1tko, od 7. marca,<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8733","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-archiv","two-columns"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8733","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8733"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8733\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8733"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8733"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8733"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}