{"id":8748,"date":"2024-04-16T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2024-04-15T23:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/uncategorized\/ako-dopadla-prva-transplantacia-prasacej-oblicky-cloveku-muz-sa-uz-zotavuje-doma\/"},"modified":"2024-04-16T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2024-04-15T23:00:00","slug":"ako-dopadla-prva-transplantacia-prasacej-oblicky-cloveku-muz-sa-uz-zotavuje-doma","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/archiv\/ako-dopadla-prva-transplantacia-prasacej-oblicky-cloveku-muz-sa-uz-zotavuje-doma\/","title":{"rendered":"Ako dopadla prv\u00e1 transplant\u00e1cia prasacej obli\u010dky \u010dloveku? Mu\u017e sa u\u017e zotavuje doma"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Chirurgovia z Massachusettskej v\u0161eobecnej nemocnice vykonali 16. marca tohto roku historicky prv\u00fa transplant\u00e1ciu prasacej obli\u010dky \u017eiv\u00e9mu \u010dloveku. Pr\u00edjemcom org\u00e1nu sa stal 62-ro\u010dn\u00fd Richard Slayman, ktor\u00fd trpel ochoren\u00edm obli\u010diek v kone\u010dnom \u0161t\u00e1diu,<\/strong> informuje euronews.com. Pod\u013ea prv\u00fdch spr\u00e1v sa z oper\u00e1cie dobre zotavoval a o\u010dak\u00e1valo sa jeho skor\u00e9 prepustenie do dom\u00e1ceho lie\u010denia.<\/p>\n<p>Iba osemn\u00e1s\u0165 dn\u00ed od transplant\u00e1cie publikovala nemocnica na soci\u00e1lnej sieti X (predt\u00fdm Twitter) pr\u00edspevok s dobrou spr\u00e1vou: <strong><em>\u201eS rados\u0165ou v\u00e1m oznamujeme, \u017ee Rick Slayman, n\u00e1\u0161 prv\u00fd pacient, ktor\u00e9mu bola transplantovan\u00e1 geneticky upraven\u00e1 prasacia obli\u010dka, bol dnes prepusten\u00fd z nemocnice. Dobre sa zotavuje a bude pokra\u010dova\u0165 v rekonvalescencii doma so svojou rodinou,\u201c<\/em> <\/strong>nap\u00edsali lek\u00e1ri, ktor\u00ed oper\u00e1ciu vykonali.<\/p>\n<h3>Zachr\u00e1nila ho obli\u010dka od prasa\u0165a<\/h3>\n<p><strong><em>\u201eTento moment, ke\u010f op\u00fa\u0161\u0165am nemocnicu s jedn\u00fdm z najlep\u0161\u00edch zdravotn\u00fdch z\u00e1znamov za dlh\u00fa dobu, som si prial u\u017e mnoho rokov,\u201c<\/em><\/strong> uviedol Slayman vo vyhl\u00e1sen\u00ed zverejnenom nemocnicou. <strong><em>\u201eTeraz je to skuto\u010dnos\u0165 a jeden z naj\u0161\u0165astnej\u0161\u00edch okamihov m\u00f4jho \u017eivota.\u201c<\/em><\/strong> Pacient sa te\u0161\u00ed, ako si bude m\u00f4c\u0165 u\u017e\u00edva\u0165 \u017eivot s rodinou bez nutnosti absolvova\u0165 pravideln\u00e9 dial\u00fdzy.<\/p>\n<p>Slayman, ktor\u00fd pracuje pre massachusettsk\u00e9 ministerstvo dopravy, bojoval s ochoren\u00edm obli\u010diek viac ako desa\u0165 rokov. V roku 2018 chodil na dial\u00fdzu a <strong>podst\u00fapil transplant\u00e1ciu \u013eudskej obli\u010dky, jeho stav sa v\u0161ak postupne zhor\u0161oval a p\u00f4sobil st\u00e1le bezn\u00e1dejnej\u0161ie.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Nedostatok vhodn\u00fdch org\u00e1nov nakoniec viedol k rozhodnutiu transplantova\u0165 Slaymanovi geneticky upraven\u00fa prasaciu obli\u010dku.<\/strong> Lek\u00e1ri museli po\u017eiada\u0165 o schv\u00e1lenie \u00darad pre kontrolu potrav\u00edn a liekov, ktor\u00fd oper\u00e1ciu povolil v re\u017eime pre \u201es\u00facitn\u00e9 pou\u017eitie\u201c (\u201ecompassionate use\u201c). Toto schv\u00e1lenie sa ude\u013euje iba v pr\u00edpadoch, ke\u010f pacient trp\u00ed z\u00e1va\u017enou alebo bezprostredne \u017eivot ohrozuj\u00facou chorobou \u010di stavom a neexistuje \u017eiadna alternat\u00edvna lie\u010dba.<\/p>\n<p><iframe title=\"Mass. man who underwent historic pig kidney transplant released from hospital\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/moX_sOQD7gY?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<h3>(Ne)\u00faspe\u0161n\u00e9 transplant\u00e1cie zvierac\u00edch org\u00e1nov<\/h3>\n<p>\u013dudsk\u00e9 aj prasacie obli\u010dky maj\u00fa podobn\u00fa ve\u013ekos\u0165, ale nie s\u00fa \u00faplne kompatibiln\u00e9. <strong>Aby sa zn\u00ed\u017eilo riziko, \u017ee Slaymanov imunitn\u00fd syst\u00e9m napadne transplantovan\u00fd org\u00e1n, bolo nutn\u00e9 vykona\u0165 69 genetick\u00fdch \u00faprav.<\/strong> Na tento \u00fa\u010del bol pou\u017eit\u00fd n\u00e1stroj na \u00fapravu g\u00e9nov CRISPR, ktor\u00fd bol v roku 2020 ocenen\u00fd Nobelovou cenou za ch\u00e9miu.<\/p>\n<p>Odborn\u00edci veria, \u017ee tento raritn\u00fd z\u00e1krok prinesie pacientovi pevn\u00e9 zdravie po dlh\u00fa dobu. Doteraj\u0161ie transplant\u00e1cie zvierac\u00edch org\u00e1nov toti\u017e nedopadli dobre. <strong>V roku 2022 zomrel pribli\u017ene dva mesiace po z\u00e1kroku prv\u00fd pacient s transplantovan\u00fdm prasac\u00edm srdcom.<\/strong> Pod\u013ea Lek\u00e1rskeho centra Marylandskej univerzity trpel David Bennett po\u010detn\u00fdmi komplik\u00e1ciami a v jeho novom srdci boli n\u00e1jden\u00e9 stopy v\u00edrusu, ktor\u00fd infikuje o\u0161\u00edpan\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p><strong>V minulom roku zomrel \u0161es\u0165 t\u00fd\u017ed\u0148ov po transplant\u00e1cii prasacieho srdca \u010fal\u0161\u00ed pacient.<\/strong> Lawrence Faucette pred oper\u00e1ciou umieral na zlyhanie srdca a vzh\u013eadom na pokro\u010dil\u00fd stav ochorenia bol pova\u017eovan\u00fd za nesp\u00f4sobil\u00e9ho na transplant\u00e1ciu \u013eudsk\u00e9ho srdca. Transplant\u00e1cia srdca z prasa\u0165a tak bola jeho poslednou \u0161ancou na \u017eivot, av\u0161ak jeho organizmus za\u010dal zhruba po mesiaci vykazova\u0165 zn\u00e1mky odmietnutia org\u00e1nu.<\/p>\n O\u0161\u00edpan\u00e9 s\u00fa na xenotransplant\u00e1ciu pravdepodobne vhodnej\u0161ie ne\u017e ak\u00e9ko\u013evek in\u00e9 zvierat\u00e1. Zdroj: unsplash.com\n<h3>Bud\u00fa zvieracie org\u00e1ny n\u00e1dejou bud\u00facnosti?<\/h3>\n<p><strong>Koncept medzidruhovej transplant\u00e1cie je zn\u00e1my ako xenotransplant\u00e1cia.<\/strong> Ide o odobratie org\u00e1nu z jedn\u00e9ho organizmu do druh\u00e9ho. Hlavn\u00fdm rozdielom medzi \u0148ou a be\u017enou transplant\u00e1ciou je v tom, \u017ee sa transplantuje medzi odli\u0161n\u00fdmi \u017eivo\u010d\u00ed\u0161nymi druhmi.<\/p>\n<p>Tu\u0161ili ste, \u017ee po\u010diatky tohto n\u00e1padu siahaj\u00fa do 17. storo\u010dia? <strong>Franc\u00fazsky lek\u00e1r Jean-Baptiste Denys v roku 1667 vykonal transf\u00faziu jah\u0148acej krvi do \u017e\u00edl mlad\u00e9ho chlapca.<\/strong> Z\u00e1zrakom mu krv pomohla, ale \u010fal\u0161\u00ed jeho pacienti nemali tak\u00e9 \u0161\u0165astie.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Prv\u00e1 tak\u00e1to transplant\u00e1cia srdca u \u010dloveka bola vykonan\u00e1 v roku 1964 pomocou srdca \u0161impanza.<\/strong> Thomas Starzl uskuto\u010dnil prv\u00fa transplant\u00e1ciu pe\u010dene zo \u0161impanza na \u010dloveka v roku 1966. V 90. rokoch vykonal transplant\u00e1ciu pe\u010dene z pavi\u00e1na na \u010dloveka. <strong>V oboch pr\u00edpadoch bolo pre\u017eitie xenoimplant\u00e1tov kr\u00e1tke v d\u00f4sledku odmietnutia \u0161tepu.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Roky v\u00fdskumov priniesli zistenie, \u017ee <strong>o\u0161\u00edpan\u00e9 s\u00fa na xenotransplant\u00e1ciu pravdepodobne vhodnej\u0161ie ne\u017e ak\u00e9ko\u013evek in\u00e9 zvierat\u00e1. D\u00f4vodom s\u00fa ich ve\u013ek\u00e9 vrhy, kr\u00e1tke obdobia gravidity a org\u00e1ny, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa podobn\u00e9 \u013eudsk\u00fdm.<\/strong> Napr\u00edklad na pop\u00e1leniny sa v s\u00fa\u010dasnosti pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa \u0161tepy z brav\u010dovej ko\u017ee alebo sa pri kardiovaskul\u00e1rnych probl\u00e9moch vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa ich srdcov\u00e9 chlopne.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Chirurgovia z Massachusettskej v\u0161eobecnej nemocnice vykonali 16. marca tohto roku historicky prv\u00fa transplant\u00e1ciu prasacej obli\u010dky \u017eiv\u00e9mu \u010dloveku. Pr\u00edjemcom org\u00e1nu sa stal 62-ro\u010dn\u00fd Richard Slayman, ktor\u00fd<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8748","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-archiv","two-columns"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8748","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8748"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8748\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8748"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8748"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8748"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}