1. About half of all mental disorders begin before the age of 14. It is estimated that approximately 20% children and adolescents worldwide, across cultures, have a mental disorder or similar problems. Yet the regions of the world with the highest proportion of people under the age of 19 have the worst levels of resources for treating such disorders. Most low- and middle-income countries have only one psychiatrist for every 1 to 4 million children.
2. Depression is characterized by persistent sadness and loss of interest, with psychological, behavioral, and physical symptoms. However, the causes of depression are primarily physiological, not psychological.
3. On average, about 800,000 people commit suicide each year, 861,000 of them in low- and middle-income countries. More than half of those who kill themselves are between the ages of 15 and 44. The highest number of suicides among people is in Eastern European countries. One of the most significant and treatable causes of suicide is mental disorders.
4. Speech problems occur mainly in lower-income families. The reason is the gradual loss of interest of parents in correcting their own children's shortcomings, as they have to deal with existential problems.
5. Governments, donors and groups representing mental health professionals, patients and their families must work together to improve mental health, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. The financial resources needed are relatively modest: US$2 per capita per year in low-income countries and US$3-4 in lower-middle-income countries.