Autumn is coming, when we are most susceptible to colds and various viral diseases affecting mainly the respiratory tract, which makes our everyday life very unpleasant. We feel generally tired, inefficient, we are constantly forced to clear our noses and the cough does not allow us to rest even during a night's sleep. The time of the flu has come.
Influenza is an acute viral disease that spreads rapidly from person to person through the air. It is a serious health problem that can cause serious health conditions and even death in high-risk groups. According to the World Health Organization, about 1 billion people get influenza every year, of which 3 to 5 million people have a severe course of the disease. The risk of developing serious complications is highest in young children, the elderly and people with serious chronic diseases of the respiratory tract, cardiovascular system, metabolic, renal and immune disorders.
Who should get vaccinated?
Vaccination should be primarily aimed at people who are most likely to develop complications, or those who are most exposed to the risk of infection. The high probability of developing complications is in people with other, especially chronic, diseases, in people with reduced immunity, as well as in people older than 65 years.
In healthy people, vaccination is equally effective, reducing morbidity by 70 to 90%.
Flu vaccination is recommended for all children between the ages of 6 months and 3 years. Athletes and those traveling abroad during an expected flu epidemic should also be protected by vaccination.
Who should not be vaccinated?
Vaccination should be postponed in patients with a febrile illness or acute infection. People allergic to chicken eggs should not be vaccinated. However, vaccines for allergy sufferers are now available, in which the virus is produced in cells other than those of chicken origin. Vaccination is generally not recommended for women in the first trimester of pregnancy and for children younger than 6 months.
Why is it recommended to get vaccinated every year?
The level of antibodies produced after vaccination declines over time and may be too low to provide protection the following year. Flu viruses are also constantly changing genetically, and immunity acquired from a previous flu infection or vaccination in the previous year may not protect against the changed flu viruses. Because the flu virus changes, the vaccine must be updated each year to include the most current strains of the flu virus.
How does the vaccine protect you?
Following vaccination, the immune system begins to produce antibodies against the viral proteins of the vaccine strains. If a person becomes infected with the real virus, these antibodies bind to the virus particles that have entered the body and are removed before they can damage tissue, so that people do not get sick or the disease is only mild. Sufficient protective levels of antibodies are developed 10-14 days after vaccination.
When is the best time to get vaccinated?
In the northern hemisphere, the best time to get vaccinated is between mid-September and the end of November. If you get vaccinated later, the vaccine may not have enough time to provide an immune response. For more information, contact your GP who will administer the vaccination.
How effective is the flu vaccine?
The effectiveness of a vaccine lies in preventing or reducing the course of the disease. The effectiveness of a vaccine against influenza depends on the immune status of the person, the age of the person vaccinated, the degree of similarity between the vaccine virus and the virus circulating in the population, the (sub)type of the virus, and the length of time between vaccination and exposure to the influenza virus. These factors make it difficult to say with certainty how effective an influenza vaccine is. In general, vaccination will prevent illness in 80% young adults and is somewhat less effective in older people.
Is it possible to get the flu if you have been vaccinated?
This is possible, especially in older adults, if they become infected shortly after vaccination. However, in those who become infected after vaccination, the disease is likely to be milder, without complications, and is less likely to require hospitalization or result in death.
To support the body's immunity and prevent viral diseases, we also recommend the application of high-dose vitamin C (7.5 gr.), which is applied in repeated small short-term infusions into a vein. However, before applying it, it is necessary to ask your treating doctor whether its application is not inappropriate for you. For example, patients with a tendency to form urinary stones should not use this treatment, and may need certain additional examinations before its application.
Finally, it is important to remind travelers who decide to visit exotic countries during the fall and winter that they should not forget to get vaccinated against diseases that could make their stay in that country unpleasant.
If you think about your health and its prevention, autumn will be beautiful for you and full of fresh colors, which you can enjoy with the arrival of this year's Indian summer!